Ekosistem mangrove merupakan salah satu jenis sumber daya pesisir yang mempunyai manfaat baik secara fisik, biologis, dan ekonomis. Ekosistem mangrove di Kecamatan Muara Gembong merupakan ekosistem yang termasuk dalam kategori hutan lindung. Penelitian bertujuan mengestimasi luas hutan mangrove dan mengklasifikasi tutupan kanopi. Metode yang digunakan adalah Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) dan menggunakan citra sentinel (resolusi spasial 10 m). Klasifikasi tutupan kanopi mengacu pada standar Departemen Kehutanan Republik Indonesia. Data tutupan kanopi divalidasi dengan densiometer yang melihat persen tutupan kanopi mangrove. Hasil menunjukkan luas hutan mangrove mencapai 301,83 ha dengan tingkat kerapatan tinggi atau kelas tutupan rapat (dense) mencapai 59,31% atau 179,02 ha. Luasan mangrove di Desa Pantai Bahagia, Bekasi, meningkat dari beberapa tahun terakhir oleh karena adanya usaha rehabilitasi oleh komunitas lokal.
The population in Semarang City has been more and more increased while the demand for land for built-up area has also steadily increased. These conditions have increased the surface temperature which triggered the phenomenon of Urban Heat Island (UHI). This study aims to determine the impact of land use changes to the UHI phenomenon in the Semarang City. The data used in this study included remote-sensing satellite images of Landsat TM5 in 2008 and Landsat8 OLI in 2018. The methods used were Top of Atmosphere (ToA) correction, spatial analysis, and Land Surface Temperature (LST). The results showed that in the period of 2008-2018, there was an increased built-up area by 13% while the use of forest and plantations area was decreased by 7%. In the period of 2008-2018, the surface temperature rised from 18-33⁰C to 22-40⁰C. The land use that has a highest surface temperature was on built-up area, reaching as much as 26-30⁰C in 2008 and 30-34⁰C in 2018 while the lowest was on water bodies as much as 22-26⁰C in 2008 and 24-26⁰C in 2018. The changes of land use into built-up area have led to increase surface temperatures which have caused the UHI phenomenon in Semarang City.
Low production of striped snakehead juvenile in ponds is due to the difference between pond and their natural habitat. Bottom substrate might probably a factor influencing the growth performance of striped snakehead juvenile. The purpose of this research was to determine the best bottom substrate to increase growth performance of striped snakehead juvenile reared in ponds. A randomized design consisted of three treatments of bottom substrates, sand, mud, no substrate as control, with three replications were used in the present study. Striped snakehead juvenile sized 6.1±0.05 cm and 2.11±0.07 g were in a 3 × 2 × 1 m plastic line pond, with 30 cm depth water. The density of fish were 20 fish per m3 and juveniles reared for 60 days. The result showed that juvenile reared with sand substrate had better survival rate and blood glucose (P<0.05) than other treatments. The substrate treatments, sand and mud, were also better in absolute length, absolute weight, specific growth rate, than no substrate one (control). In contrast, control was better than substrates treatments (sand and mud) in feed efficiency. Overall data indicated that sand substrate is a supporting environment for growing out juvenile of snakehead fish.
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