The use of autonomous systems in marine environments has increased in recent years and covers activities from oceanographic studies, environmental awareness, maritime surveillance, defense, and oil and gas. For oil and gas, the current applications are related to meteorological and oceanographic monitoring, hydrocarbon detection and mapping, subsea communication by means of acoustic modems, and localized real-time geomagnetic surveys. The concept of the three-dimensional sensor array was very recently introduced, specifically for autonomous marine vehicle applications to seismic acquisition. We show results from some of our field experiments and simulation studies to demonstrate the potential of this new type of seismic acquisition technology.
A multicomponent (4C) towed-streamer that measures not only scalar pressure wavefields, but also the three components of P-wave particle motion, was proposed by Robertsson et al. (2008). These new measurements may be used to perform joint interpolation and deghosting of the pressure wavefield, and open the possibility to reconstruct the seismic wavefield at any point between streamers using both pressure and the crossline component of the pressure gradient. To be able to put these proposed applications in practice, good fidelity of the 4C measurement is needed. We study the effects of the streamer mechanical design on the signal fidelity, review the sensor requirements, and present data examples from a 4C multicomponent streamer, demonstrating the possibility to record high signal fidelity in such a 4C multicomponent towed streamer.
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