Brain drain, a well-known phenomenon, stirs up concerns in the Republic of Kazakhstan, which is facing a consistently growing outflow of educated young people. The authors have analyzed the factors and causes of migration, its impact on the country’s present and future, the educational system, its current condition and its role in the current migration sentiments. The authors have compared and analyzed the questionnaires filled out by specialists who left the country during the years of independence and arrived at a certain hypothesis checked by polling school graduates and in-depth interviews with experts who study the problem and the Kazakhstani researchers working abroad. By way of conclusion the authors suggested that intellectual migration may be partly halted by establishing scientific centers and taking economic, social, scientific and professional measures designed to support and encourage the country’s intellectual community.
Aim. To introduce the scientific community to the main results of the international scientific and practical conference “National Identity and Patriotism in States in the Conditions of International Crises” which was held on October 28, 2022 and organized by the Department of Comparative Political Science of the Faculty of Political Science of Lomonosov Moscow State University with the support of the electronic network publications “Bulletin of the Moscow Region State University”.Methodology. This article presents the abstracts of the speeches of the conference participants who devoted their reports to the problems of national identity and patriotism. The authors were researchers from Moscow State University named after M. V. Lomonosov, INION RAS, Institute of Sociology FNISTs RAS, Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M. V. Lomonosov (Arkhangelsk), Eurasian National University named after L. N. Gumilyov (Republic of Kazakhstan), University of Mumbai (Republic of India), University of Tair Recep Tayyip Erdogan (Republic of Turkey).Results. Using materials from Russia, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Georgia, Belarus, Latvia, China and the Republic of Korea, the speakers showed a wide range of problems of national identity and patriotism. The main attention was paid to the topical issues of the formation of national identity and patriotism, the specifics of national identity in Russia and post-Soviet countries, the impact of stigmatization that fragments national identity and marginalizes the discourse of patriotism.Research implications. The published materials are of significant theoretical and practical importance in ensuring the sovereignty of Russia and other states, preserving and developing national identity and patriotic education of citizens under the influence of destructive socio-political technologies. The conclusions and recommendations of the researchers can contribute to the solution of urgent political, educational and educational problems.
Balkan Peninsula Diaspora appeared in Kazakhstan at the end of the XIX century. Firstly, the Bulgarian nationality moved, and then Greeks moved. Among the peoples of the Balkan Peninsula, the fate of the Greeks and Bulgarians is typically common for Kazakhstan. The fact that the Balkans people collided with the land of Central Asia was comprehensively influenced by political, economic, and ideological factors. Adapted to the nature and economy of the new region, the Balkan ethnic groups have retained their identity. Today, the fourth generation of these ethnic groups lives in independent Kazakhstan as a fully functioning Diaspora of Balkan people. Problems of their resettlement and arrangement are one of the topics that have not been studied in history despite being one of the most important in migration and resettlement questions of this territory. In this research work the history of Balkan ethnic groups in Kazakhstan was analyzed on the basis of archival and scientific materials.
Currently, the country is developing a demographic imbalance. According to statistics, the Northern regions (North Kazakhstan, Pavlodar, and Kostanay regions) have a population of about 2.2 million people, and the population density is 6.8 million people, compared to the southern regions (South Kazakhstan, Zhambyl, Kyzylorda, and Almaty regions). By 2050, the population of the Northern regions is projected to decrease by 0.9 million people, while the population of the southern regions will increase by 5.2 million people. The population density in the southern regions will be 4 times higher than in the Northern ones. As one of the measures to restore this imbalance, the state program of voluntary relocation of the population from the southern regions to the Northern ones was launched. Under this program, conditions are created for those who move to the Northern regions, there are various benefits and material rewards. But while this program has significant advantages, it also has disadvantages. How do I fix them? What is being done for this purpose? In this article, we will try to find answers to these questions.
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