This study purposes a new classification of thyroid nodules blood flow by power duplex Doppler ultrasound. A total of 177 nodules were studied with B-mode scanning, power Doppler, and spectral analysis. These data were compared with cytological results from ultrasound-guided fine-needle aspiration biopsy. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed. The power Doppler analysis of the nodules produced 5 vascular patterns: I, absence of signal blood flow; II, exclusively perinodular blood flow; III, perinodular >/= central blood flow; IV, central blood flow > perinodular blood flow; V, exclusively central blood flow. Statistical analysis revealed a significant relationship between these vascular patterns and cytological results. The spectral analysis demonstrated that the resistance index were higher in nodules with malignant versus other cytology ( P < 0.001). The results indicate that power duplex Doppler facilitates screening of thyroid nodules at high risk for malignancy with elevated sensitivity (92.3%) and specificity (88%).

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OBJETIVO: Padronizar método ultra-sonográfico de biometria hepática em crianças, visando estabelecer maior precisão nos planos de corte e minimizar o fator operador-dependência; testar a reprodutibilidade intra-observador. CASUÍSTICA E MÉTODO: A hepatometria ultra-sonográfica foi realizada em 32 crianças, entre 0 e 6 anos de idade, sem doença hepática ou das vias biliares. Todas as crianças foram examinadas por um mesmo observador, em duas ocasiões diferentes (exames 1 e 2). Os planos seccionais foram estabelecidos inter-relacionando linhas de orientação externas a reparos anatômicos intra-abdominais, extra e intra-hepáticos. Para análise comparativa das medidas dos exames 1 e 2 foi utilizado o teste t pareado. O coeficiente de Pearson foi empregado para análise de correlação: a) dos parâmetros entre si; b) entre a idade das crianças e a diferença das medidas dos exames 1 e 2. RESULTADOS: À análise estatística não houve: a) diferença significante no estudo da variabilidade intra-observador; b) correlação significante entre a diferença das medidas e as idades dos pacientes. Verificamos que os parâmetros estão, no geral, direta e altamente correlacionados entre si (r > 0,60). CONCLUSÃO: O método é reprodutível por um mesmo observador. As medidas dos diâmetros crânio-caudal na linha médio-esternal e crânio-caudal posterior na linha hemiclavicular, usando referenciais anatômicos intra-hepáticos, mostraram-se precisas e mais práticas que as demais.

An HV1/HV2 ratio of >4.1 is a highly predictive CD-US parameter for the detection of hemodynamically significant HV stenosis on angiography.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection affects approximately 3 % of the world population. HCV targets hepatic tissue, and most infected patients develop a chronic infection. Currently, studies have demonstrated an association between HCV-RNA replication and miR-122, the most abundant microRNA in the liver. Our aim was to evaluate liver and serum expression of miR-122 in patients infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 3, and to identify possible associations between miR-122 expression and lipid profiles, HCV viral load, apolipoproteins and liver enzymes. MicroRNAs were isolated from blood and liver tissue, and miR-122 expression was quantified by real-time PCR. HCV viral load was quantified by real-time PCR and HCV genotype, and serum biomarkers were obtained from medical report. The levels of miR-122 were higher in liver than those in blood from individuals infected with HCV genotypes 1 and 3 (p < 0.0001). The tissue levels of miR-122 were higher in subjects infected with HCV genotype 3 (6.22-fold, p < 0.001). A positive correlation was observed between the blood and hepatic levels of miR-122 in patients infected with HCV genotype 1 (r = 0.302, p = 0.026); in these patients, an inverse correlation was observed between serum apolipoprotein A-II (ApoA-II) levels and the blood (r = -0.330; p = 0.014) and hepatic (r = -0.311; p = 0.020) levels of miR-122. In patients infected with HCV genotype 3, there was a positive correlation between the hepatic miR-122 and the high-density lipoprotein-HDL (r = 0.412, p = 0.036) and insulin (r = 0.478, p = 0.044). Lipid metabolism proteins and miR-122 expression levels have different relations in HCV-3- and HCV-1-infected patients.