This research shows the application of the Structured Equation Modeling (SEM) to obtain the best model for studying the relationship between the more efficient and accurate against the findings and the interpretation of the variables. The objectives of the study are to assess the reliability of the developed instrument and to test construct validity of the research instruments in estimating the contributing factors to TASKA service satisfaction. The proportionate stratified random sampling method was used to select a total of 61 TASKAs from three states on the east coast of Malaysia consisting of 273 parents and guardians which are currently using the TASKA services. Validity and reliability of the measurement model in the analysis using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method. Measurement models were data-based and fit based on the fit index (CMF) χ2 = 3230.541, with degrees of freedom (df) = 902, CMIN / df = 3.582 (≤5.0), CFI & TLI (≤0.9), and RMSEA = 0.070 (≤0.1). Based on the results obtained, all indices meet standardized metric and assessment tools have proven to be a good instrument. The results show that there are 5 factors that influence parents' satisfaction with the quality of services offered by TASKA. Analysis found that the combination of manage, grow, fees, activity and cost constitutes a strong association to estimate a complete structured equation model while supported by demographic factors such as education level, occupation, location, distance, agency, status and age of children to strengthen the TASKA selection factor. Research shows that this TASKA service model can assist as a guide in improving the existing quality for future improvement. Furthermore, it can be used as a module in providing the best quality of services to the satisfaction of parents and guardians.
Introduction: Evidence suggests that several genes; including MYO1H, play an important role in the etiology of Class III malocclusion. Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in marker rs10850110 (locus 12q24.11) within MYO1H gene has been associated with the incidence of mandibular prognathism (MP). MYO is a class 1 myosin that is responsible for the synthesis of Matrilin-1; an important protein involved in the formation of cartilage's extracellular matrix, hence is implicated in the formation of mandibular condyle cartilage. This study aimed to detect the presence of MYO1H (rs10850110) SNP and to determine its genotype and allele distribution in MP patient in the local population. Materials and Methods: The sample comprises of 31 patients; 14 patients from class I malocclusion (control samples) and 17 patients from class III malocclusion (MP). Cephalometric measurements were performed prior to saliva samples collection. The DNA was amplified using the specific primers for the marker rs10850110 and the genotyping was done by sequencing. Chi-square test was used to determine the over-representation of marker allele (p<0.05). Results: Presence of MYO1H SNP (rs10850110) was detected in local population analysed and the distribution of its genotype and allele could be observed. There were significant differences between allele (p=0.000) and genotype (p=0.000) frequency within control (Class I) and Class III malocclusion. Conclusion(s): Our findings are in agreement with previous studies suggesting positive influence of MYO1H (rs10850110) SNP in the incidence of MP. Further studies should be developed in order to understand the exact role and mechanism of MYO1H in different classes of malocclusions.
Integrating technology in the mathematics curriculum has become a necessary task for curriculum developers as well as mathematics practitioners across the world and time. In general research studies seeking a better understanding of how best to integrate mathematics analysis tools with mathematics subject matter normally observe mathematics lessons taught exclusively in a technology enriched environment or computer lab. In some universities where paper and pencil examination is the major assessment tool, undergraduate mathematics courses are still taught in a traditional manner that takes care of the algorithmic and procedural steps. This paper relates a study that embarks on the technology exposure claiming that human action is mediated by technological setting. Situated in a traditional classroom setting where there is more teaching and less hands-on, it reports foundation students' acceptance of technology-in-mathematics interaction in a typical course enriched with graphing calculator (GC) deliberated in the worksheets with printed GC commands alongside each question. Data was collected from students' worksheets and also questionnaire that measures attitudes towards technology in mathematics from a class of 763 pre-university students. The results may enlighten mathematics practitioners about the feasibility of taking full advantage of technology to teach mathematics in a partially technology incorporated mathematics course.
In Malaysia, most parents prefer to choose registered early childhood learning centers (TASKA), due to their perceptions that the centers are with quality services and well-observed by the government authority. In this quantitative research, the main objective is to identify the best model to represent the contributing factors which influence arithmetic performance among children at registered Malaysian TASKA. Childrens' arithmetic performance in general affect their mental capability and overall personal skills development. This research is significant to determining the important contributing factors which influence newborn babies' mathematical skills. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire. Based on the right sampling method, 376 registered TASKAs in Malaysia were chosen. Among the 458 chosen centers, only 63 centres provide care and education services for children age of 0 to 6 months. Neural network technique was the analysis adapted in order to achive the research objective. In the near future, the research will be extended to the unregistered TASKA in Malaysia, and the fair comparisons will be made with the registered centers.
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