Additive manufacturing (AM) is rapidly expanding in many industrial applications because of the versatile possibilities of fast and complex fabrication of added value products. This manufacturing process would significantly reduce manufacturing time and development cost for nuclear components. However, the process leads to materials with complex microstructures, and their structural stability for nuclear application is still uncertain. This study focuses on 316L stainless steel fabricated by selective laser melting (SLM) in the context of nuclear application, and compares with a cold-rolled solution annealed 316L sample. The effect of heat treatment (HT) and hot isostatic pressing (HIP) on the microstructure and mechanical properties is discussed. It was found that after HT, the material microstructure remains mostly unchanged, while the HIP treatment removes the materials porosity, and partially re-crystallises the microstructure. Finally, the tensile tests showed excellent results, satisfying RCC-MR code requirements for all AM materials.
et al.. Elaboration of oxide dispersion strengthened Fe-14Cr stainless steel by selective laser melting. Abstract: This study presents the influence of the main selective laser melting (SLM) processing parameters on the densification behavior and microstructure evolution of oxide dispersion strengthened (ODS) Fe-14Cr stainless steel. Optimization of the process parameters allows to manufacture ODS stainless steel parts, which present high densities up to 98% and a fine dispersion of nanosized Y-Ti rich oxide particles. Laser power and scan speed are found to strongly influence the density and the microstructure of SLM builds. The ratio power over scan speed controls the width and the depth of the molten pool. Low energy densities (i.e. a low laser power or a high scan speed), inferior to 100 J.mm -3 , cause lack of fusion of the powder and induce the presence of numerous pores. Finer microstructure can be achieved in this condition since grains receive less energy to growth. The hatch distance does not affect the density in the range of testing values. A decrease in hatch distance causes re-fusion of previous neighbor track but does not re-melt the previous layer since the ratio power over speed is kept constant when varying the hatch distance. A slight coarsening of the microstructure is observed in this case. A large range of hatch distance can be used and especially large values, which decrease the time of production. This study can be a guideline to achieve materials with specific microstructure for high temperature applications. [19] References: A. R. Jones, 2010. Historical perspective: ODS alloy development. AlMangour, B., Grzesiak, D., Borkar, T., Yang, J.-M., 2018. Densification behavior, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of TiC/316L stainless steel nanocomposites fabricated by selective laser melting. Materials & Design 138, 119-128. https://doi.-M., 2017. Scanning strategies for texture and anisotropy tailoring during selective laser melting of TiC/316L stainless steel nanocomposites. Journal of Alloys and Compounds 728, 424-435. https://doi., J., 2014. Selective laser melting of in situ titanium-titanium boride composites: Processing, microstructure and mechanical properties. Acta Materialia 76, 13-22. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2014.05.022 Attar, H., Ehtemam-Haghighi, S., Kent, D., Dargusch, M.S., 2018. Recent developments and opportunities in additive manufacturing of titanium-based matrix composites: A review. International Journal of Machine Tools and Manufacture 133, 85-102. https://doi.
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