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Plectranthus scutellarioides have more than 173 varieties that can be distinguished from leaves foliage. Each variety produces certain second metabolite. Among all varieties, color blaze dark star was the one commonly used in Indonesia as traditional medicine. Optimization extraction process, qualitative phytochemical analysis, and preliminary assessment of toxicity of color blaze dark star and trailing queen variety of Plectranthus scutellarioides were investigated. Extraction process in color blaze dark star variety using Microwave assisted extraction show the highest %yield of extract but in trailing queen variety the highest %yield of extract was obtained from soxhletation method. Qualitative phytochemical analysis using thin layer chromatography from methanol, ethanol, and water extract with all method of extraction showed that both of varieties of Plectranthus scutellarioides contain alkaloid, flavonoid, tannin, and phenol. The highest toxicity with LC50 39 µg/ml was showed from ethanol extract using microwave assisted extraction of color blaze dark star variety.

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Plectranthus scutellarioides is one of medicinal plants in Indonesia, traditionally known as iler/miana/jawer kotok. Due to a large number of varieties, certain varieties of P. scutellarioides have not been extensively studied. This study focused on the isolations of two phytosterols, stigmasterol and β-sitosterol, which were characterized by various 1D and 2D NMR analyses, from the ethyl acetate extract of P. scutellarioides var. color blaze dark star. Cytotoxicity of the ethyl acetate extract and some selected fractions were evaluated against A549, MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, KB, and KB-Vin cell lines using SRB (Sulforhodamine B) method. Among all tested sample, fractions 15 and 17 have significantly inhibited cell growth with IC50 of 14.3-24.3 µg/mL and 7.3-14.1 µg/mL, respectively.

Honey is a sweet substance produced by honey bees from the nectar of flowers or other parts of plants. Honey obtained from Bone, in South Sulawesi, has been extracted and tested for antibacterial activity and toxicity. Honey was macerated with methanol to obtain a crude extract. Methanol crude extract was then partitioned successively with n-hexane and ethyl acetate to obtain ethyl acetate and methanol fraction. Antibacterial activity test was performed by agar diffusion method against Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Methanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, and methanol fraction showed an inhibition zone against E. coli at 10.10, 10.05, and 8.40 mm, respectively with amoxicillin as a positive control (20.05 mm). Also against S. aureus, inhibition zone was obtained at 11.90, 9.30, 8.60, and 13.70 mm for methanol extract, ethyl acetate fraction, methanol fraction, and amoxicillin, respectively. The greatest inhibition zone was obtained from methanol extract against E. coli and S. aureus, both including the strong category. The LC50 value of methanol extract and methanol fraction was 273.57 µg/ml and 765.66 µg/ml, respectively, categorized as toxic against Artemia salina, while ethyl acetate fraction was not toxic.