A 30-year old male Business man presented at the accident and emergency unit of Abnira Medical Centre in Jos city on account of inability to pass urine for over fifteen hours. There was concomitant excruciating lower abdominal pain and swelling that is tender to touch. A positive history of generalized weakness, fatigue, nausea, heamaturia was given. However, no fever, vomiting, headache nor history of fainting attacks. On examination, he was afebrile, acyanosed with associated tachycardia (pulse rate 121bpm) and tachypnea (respiratory rate of 27c/min).He was oriented in place, person and time with no focal neurological deficit. There were no cardiac and other respiratory signs picked on examination. His abdomen was soft and non-tender, with normal bowel sounds. However, there was renal angle tenderness. Biochemical investigations done on presentation showed normal sodium, potassium, chlorite, and bicarbonate. He has some evidence of dehydration and pre-renal azotemia (increased creatinine, urea and uric acid).His liver function tests, lipase, thyroid function test, phosphate, magnesium and albumin-corrected calcium were all normal.
Aim: To determine prevalence of T 2 DM and risk factors among rural farmers of Panyam in Plateau Central, Nigeria. Background: Diabetes mellitus is one of the commonest metabolic disorder characterized by persistent hyperglycemia due to lack of insulin secretion or inactivity of insulin resulting in risk of microangiopathy and macroangiopathy [1,2]. Many lifestyle factors affect the incidence of Type II Diabetes Mellitus, which includes cigarette smoking, inactivity and heavy alcohol consumption that could cause hyperuriceamia. Other risk factors include obesity, age, family history. Materials and Methods:The study population consisted of 200 adults above 40 years mainly farmers. Both females and males were recruited into the study.
Aims:To determine the prevalence, pattern and presentation of the diabetic foot ulcer. Background: A diabetic foot ulcer is a major complication in diabetes mellitus and probably the major component of diabetic foot. It occurs in 15% of all patients with diabetes and precedes 84% of all lower leg amputations. Poverty, low economic status and ignorance have resulted in this devastating disease. It may worsen in the next decade. There are multiple risk factors that predispose an individual to DM foot ulcer; they include age, gender(male), type of DM, glycaemic (HbA1c) or FBG level, duration of DM (>10yrs) occupational status particular habits of self-foot care and infection. Patients and Methods: This consists of 69 diabetic patients; male and female included done between the months of January 2019 to March 2019. A demographic data questionnaire and social history were obtained. Overnight fasting serum glucose was obtained. Serum glucose was determined by enzymatic glucose oxidase method. Affi et al.; IJTDH, 41(1): 10-15, 2020; Article no.IJTDH.50484 11 Data obtained were subjected to Stata Version 11 Software to determine the graphical representation, mean, standard deviation of the analysis. Results: Thirty-Five 35 were male and 34 were female had type 2 diabetes. Forty-Three 43 patients had foot ulcer, 21 patients had gangrene and 5 had infection. The number of patients with peak glucose values 10 mmol/L and least glucose at 20-25 mmol/L. Those of duration 4-6 years were the most affected the age group most affected is between 40-59 yrs. Discussion and Conclusion: Risk factors for foot ulceration discovered among a host other factors identified in this study, were the infection, low socioeconomic status, improper footwear, poor glycaemic control, structural foot deformity and untreated gangrene. The role of poor glycaemic control in the genesis of diabetic complications cannot be overemphasized as the mean FPG was noted to be considerably higher in patients with foot ulceration As part of a comprehensive foot care programme, education on foot care should be directed at patients, family members and healthcare providers. Not less than 85% of all diabetic foot-related problems are preventable. This can be achieved through a combination of good care of foot, provided by an inter-professional diabetes care team, and appropriate education for people with diabetes. Original Research Article
Aim: To determine the Correlation between Serum uric acid (SUA) and Blood Pressure in Plateau Central. Background: Serum uric acid, an end product of purine metabolism, has been shown to be associated with an increased risk of hypertension cardiovascular 4 and chronic kidney disease in previous epidemiological studies. Elevated SUA has been shown to predict the development of high blood pressure and may contribute to increasing BP by several mechanisms. Clinical trials in young patients have supported this mechanism but do not yet agree with pharmacologic reduction of SUA as first-line therapy for hypertension. Materials and Methods: 200 (males and females) subject of Panyam district of Mangu L. G. C. in Plateau central formed the study population with aged 40-90 years. The intervention groups were 120 and control group was 80. Five ml of blood was aliquoted for assay uric acid for each subject using the enzymatic uricase method. Results: The data obtained were coded into Stata Software for analysis. The data was presented as mean ± S.D. comparison was done by student's t-test for continuous variables. A BMI of >30 kg/m 2 was found in 31 individuals giving a prevalence 15.5% with SUA prevalence of 41% with 32% being the prevalence of hypertension.
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