Sebagian besar pelaku usaha mengalami kesulitan dalam melakukan peminjaman modal usaha pada lembaga keuangan. Selain itu, sebagian besar pelaku usaha memiliki kondisi sistem administrasi keuangan yang tidak memadai. Pengelolaan keuangan yang buruk mengakibatkan UMKM tidak mampu mencegah dan mendeteksi kerugian yang terjadi. Oleh karena itu, pengetahuan mengenai pencatatan keuangan sangat diperlukan oleh pelaku usaha. Apalagi, pencatatan keuangan saat ini telah dikembangkan secara digital melalui ponsel sehingga memudahkan pelaku usaha melakukan pemantauan. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat telah dilaksanakan untuk memperkenalkan pelaku usaha dalam menggunakan pencatatan keuangan digital melalui aplikasi Buku Kas. Berdasarkan hasil kuesioner kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat, diperoleh bahwa pelaku usaha cukup puas dengan adanya aplikasi pencatatan keuangan berbasis ponsel dan sudah menjawab keinginan dan kebutuhan mereka. Kepuasan tersebut dapat dilihat pada uji perbedaan nilai kepuasan dengan kebutuhan dan keinginan yg menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan yg signifikan antara kedua variabel tersebut.
PT XYZ membutuhkan tenaga mesin dan kerja fisik operator dalam proses produksi botol plastik. Namun, tenaga manusia memiliki keterbatasan fisik apabila melakukan aktivitas yang berlebihan. Risiko cedera dan kecelakaan kerja yang akan terjadi cukup tinggi apabila dibiarkan. Salah satu, cidera kerja yang dialami oleh operator dalam aktivitas produksi yaitu, gangguan musculoskeletal, cidera ditangan dan sakit pinggang. Hal ini, disebabkan aktivitas kerja yang dilakukan secara berulang-ulang dan mengkibatkan cidera, serta penurunan produktivitas kerja. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini akan berupaya menemukan solusi permasalahan dengan mengukur level risiko menggunakan pendekatan metode cumulative trauma disorders (CTD) risk index. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa, diperoleh level cidera pada tiga faktor utama dan satu faktor tambahan, meliputi : Frequency Factor (1,98), Posture Factor (0,9) dan Force Factor (3,441), serta Miscellaneous Factor (1). Kemudian, diperoleh CTD Risk Index sebesar 1,996. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa, CTD Risk Index menghasilkan level risiko kumulatif > 1. Hal ini dapat mengakibatkan risiko cidera kumulatif pada operator di stasiun kerja, sehingga dapat menimbulkan cidera otot. Dengan demikian, solusi dari permasalahan dari penelitian ini yaitu diperlukan adanya waktu istirahat dan perbaikan layout stasiun kerja, sehingga operator dapat bekerja dengan postur tubuh yang baik dan mencegah terjadinya risiko kerja, kelelahan otot yang mengakibatkan Cumulative Trauma Disorders (CTDs).
MSMEs in Indonesia are expected to be able to face competition in the era of industrial revolution 4.0. However, there are many problems and obstacles in competitiveness, especially facing global competition, including access to capital, access to information and technology, access to organization and management, and access to business networks and partnerships. Besides, it is often difficult for them to get additional capital through banks or other lenders to increase their business scale. Moreover, a lack of financial and digital literacy causes the low validity of MSMEs' data to lenders. The adoption of blockchain technology is one of the considerations to minimize these MSMEs problems. Meanwhile, this technology is still relatively new to be applied to MSMEs but positively impacts the future. This study aims to measure and analyze MSMEs' readiness in using blockchain technology on a business scale with the TRAM model. This model integrates the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) models. This study aims to test several variables, including TRI, perceive ease of use, perceive ease of usefulness, attitude toward, and intense use of blockchain technology. Data processing uses the partial least square path modelling (PLS-PM) method. The results showed that TRI was significant on perceived ease of usefulness and perceived ease of usefulness. Then, perceive ease of use is significant towards perceive ease of usefulness and intention to use. Besides, perceive ease of usefulness is significant for attitude. The attitude toward variable is significant for the intention to use in the acceptance of blockchain technology.
MSMEs have a sufficiently large role and become the strength of the Indonesian economy. However, MSMEs often experience obstacles in competitiveness, especially in facing global competition, including the access to capital, information and technology, organization and management, as well as to business networks and partnerships. The adoption of blockchain technology is one of the considerations to minimize the MSMEs' problems. This is because this technology can provide benefits for MSMEs, such as increasing cost efficiency, increasing profit and minimizing the role of intermediaries, as well as increasing the competitiveness. This study aims to measure and analyze the readiness of MSMEs in using blockchain technology, before this technology is applied in Indonesia in the MSME sector. Investigations to see the readiness of MSMEs in using blockchain technology with the TRAM model approach is developed by adding a variable, that is perceived risk. This model is an integration of the Technology Readiness Index (TRI) and Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), as well as the addition of variables of perceived risk and intention-to-recommend in this study. Data processing will use the Partial Least Square Path Modeling (PLS-PM) method. The results of this study will show the influence of the variables in this research model.
Intisari— PT XYZ bergerak dibidang logistik dengan mengelola produk Part Toyota. Proses produksi mengalami keterlambatan keberangkatan berdasarkan ketepatan waktu keberangkatan pada bulan Oktober sampai Desember pada tahun 2018. Perolehan persentase ketepatan waktu berkisar 44,8% dan 68,94%, serta 78,1% dari total distribusi. Penelitian ini melakukan analisis waste pada proses operasional shipping sebagai pertimbangan untuk mengurangi tingkat keterlambatan keberangkatan sebesar 60% karena faktor proses operasional. Sementara itu, proses operasional shipping memiliki banyak proses non value added activities. Hal ini mengakibatkan terjadi pemborosan waktu yang merugikan perusahaan. Oleh karena itu, Penelitian ini mengidentifikasikan jenis pemborosan (waste) dengan (VSM) value stream mapping pada proses operasional yaitu waste waiting dan waste unnecessary motion. Dengan demikian, keterlambatan keberangkatan distribusi dapat diusulkan dengan membuat checkheet, pemilihan vendor, petugas packing dengan melakukan pengelompokkan barang sesuai identitas customer. Abstract— PT XYZ is engaged in logistics by managing Part Toyota products. The production process has a delayed departure based on the timeliness of departure from October to December in 2018. The percentage of timeliness is around 44.8% and 68.94%, and 78.1% of total distribution. This study conducts waste analysis in the shipping operational process as a consideration to reduce the rate of departure delay by 60% due to operational process factors. Meanwhile, the shipping operational process has many non value added activities processes. This results in time wasting that is detrimental to the company. Therefore, this study identifies the type of waste (VSM) value stream mapping in the operational process, namely waste waiting and waste unnecessary motion. Thus, the delay in the distribution distribution can be proposed by making checkheets, selecting vendors, packing officers by grouping items according to the customer's identity.
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