The article presents the results of a theoretical and empirical study of the problem of style peculiarities of the human life activities, namely the styles of communication of student youth aviation industry as a specific form of human activity, the essence of which is the interaction of partners, subject-subject relations. The style of life activities is considered as a way of existence of a person characterized by originality; it covers the entire system of human being, its internal and external manifestations, and provides activity of a certainty in the characterization and predictability of behavior in a wide range of situations. The authors proceed from the assumption that enhancement of the subject’s life activity requires taking into account the existing and expanding (or forming), in the given direction, style peculiarities of the activity in mutual connection to its personal qualities. The article reflects the basic theoretical foundations of the conducted research and the empirical data obtained on students’ communication styles and their connection with the mental qualities of the personality. It is revealed that modern student youth is characterized by use in communication of a wide range of means, among which, according to various classifications, prevail styles such as: altruistic, cooperative, collegial, liberal, dialogical, compromise, whichintheir content indicate the orientation of the subject on partner, cooperation with him, finding a common solution, mutual respect, etc., demonstrating the ability to communicate. The data obtained also indicate the need for students to expand the irarsenal of communication toolsanduse the ircap abilitiesin a variety of conditions and requirements of life activities. The study proved that there is a mutual connection between the communication styles with the mental (personality) qualities of students: personality qualities may lead to an inclination for a particular style of communication, and vice versa. The same testifies the possibility of their formation of certain styles on the basis of development (or creation) of corresponding personality qualities; extension of the same style peculiarities of interaction, the use by a person of specific styles in life will promote the development of personality’s associated with this mental formations.
Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate self-efficacy and health literacy of patients undergoing hemodialysis, to investigate the relationship between health literacy and self-efficacy, and to determine the factors affecting self-efficacy. Methods: The study was conducted in Eskisehir and Gumushane state hospitals affiliated to the Public Hospitals Association with the participation of 198 patients receiving hemodialysis treatment for chronic renal failure. The inclusion criteria were as follows: being ⩾18 years old, receiving hemodialysis, and agreeing to participate in the study. The study data were collected using face-to-face interview technique, and they were analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation, and regression analysis. Results: The mean age of the patients was 59.73 ± 16.32 years. Of the patients, 46% were primary school graduates, and 63.6% reported having other chronic diseases. The mean health literacy and self-efficacy scores were found to be 79.43 ± 26.09 and 23.98 ± 7.42, respectively. The results showed that the self-efficacy scores of the patients increased as the general health literacy scores increased, with a strong linear correlation between these variables ( r = 0.712; p ˂ 0.001). Patients with advanced age, low educational level, and widowed patients had lower self-efficacy and health literacy scores than others (respectively eta2 = 0.263, 0.116, 0.268, 0.141). Conclusion: High score of health literacy positively affects the self-efficacy score of hemodialysis patients.
Работа посвящена повышению эффективности лечения апоплексии яичника (АЯ) благодаря разработке безопасных для репродуктивного здоровья женщины методов гемостаза при хирургических малоинвазивных операциях на яичнике. Изучены отдаленные результаты лечения АЯ, в зависимости от тактики (консервативная, оперативная), оперативного доступа, объема проведенной операции и метода гемостаза. Показана динамика восстановления овариального резерва у женщин, перенесших АЯ, в зависимости от методов гемостаза по сравнению с предложенными методиками компрессионного гемостаза без применения электрохирургии. По интегральным показателям овариального резерва (ОР) в отрицательном рейтинге на первом месте - применение монополярной резки и коагуляции (хирургическое отделение), затем - биполярная коагуляция в гинекологии, несколько лучшие показатели ОР и его восстановления при применении лигатурного гемостаза без электрохирургии. Значительно меньшие негативные изменения и более быстрое морфофункциональное восстановление ОР у прооперированных пациентов - при применении компрессионного гемостаза по предложенной нами методике. При консервативном ведении АЯ маркеры ОР достоверно не изменились. Исследование репродуктивной функции и фертильности у женщин при различной тактике и методах лечения АЯ показали иной рейтинг. Наибольшее количество беременностей за первый год наблюдения после АЯ наступило у женщин после применения методик временной компрессии (56,5%) и после консервативного лечения - 47,1%. После использования электрохирургического гемостаза большинство из беременностей в группе наступали только в конце 2-го года наблюдения. После консервативного лечения АЯ по количеству наступления беременностей (17-56,7%) группа была только на третьем месте после двух групп с лапароскопическими операциями в гинекологии: компрессионный гемостаз (23-76,7%) и биполярный гемостаз (18-60,0%). По показателю наступления внематочной беременности (24,5%) группа с консервативным ведением АЯ была на первом месте. Этот факт косвенно свидетельствует о том, что санация брюшной полости при оперативном лечении дает меньший спаечный процесс в малом тазу, чем консервативно пролеченный гемоперитонеум. Таким образом, при консервативном лечении АЯ меньше всего функционально страдает овариальный резерв, но фертильность снижается из-за развития местного спаечного процесса. Предложен и внедрен клинический алгоритм тактики лечения апоплексии яичника в зависимости от репродуктивных намерений пациентки. The article presents the original results of the study which was aimed at improving the effectiveness of treatment of ovarian apoplexy (OA). The study suggests newly developed hemostatic methods which are safe for women’s reproductive health and can be employed in minimally invasive surgery on the ovary. The long-term results of the treatment of OA were studied, depending on the tactics (conservative, operative), operative access, the volume of the performed operation and the method of hemostasis. The dynamics of restoration of the ovarian reserve in women who underwent AN, depending on the methods of hemostasis, was shown in comparison with the proposed methods of compression hemostasis without the use of electrosurgery. The findings of the integral assessment of ovarian reserve (OR) and its recovery were the worst for monopolar cutting and coagulation (the surgical department), slightly better for bipolar coagulation, and rather better for ligature hemostasis which was carried out without the use of electrosurgery. The best outcomes and the fastest morphofunctional recovery of OR in the post- operative period were observed after compression hemostasis performed with the application of the technique described in the current study. The conservative management of OA was unlikely to change the ovarian reserve markers. The assessment of reproductive function and fertility in women after the use of a range of tactics and methods for OA treatment showed different results. The largest number of pregnancies in the first year of follow-up after OA occurred in women after the use of temporary compression techniques (56.5%) and after conservative treatment - 47.1%. After the application of electrosurgical hemostasis, most of the pregnancies within the group occurred only at the end of the 2nd year of follow-up. This fact indicates a longer recovery of OR and ovarian function after electrothermal exposure. The group, which underwent conservative treatment, was only in third place with 17-56.7% pregnancies, while two other groups took the first and the second place regarding the outcomes of laparoscopic operations in gynecology: compression hemostasis (23-76.7%) and bipolar hemostasis (18-60.0%). In terms of ectopic pregnancy (24.5%), the group with conservative management of OA was in first place. This fact indirectly indicates that sanitation of the abdominal cavity after surgery contributes less to adhesion formation in the pelvis than in case of conservatively treated hemoperitoneum. Thus, the conservative treatment of OA affects the ovarian reserve the least, but fertility decreases due to the formation of local adhesions. The study introduces and implements the clinical algorithm of tactics in treatment of ovarian apoplexy depending on reproductive intentions of the patients.
Öz Üremik pruritus, başka bir nedene bağlı olmadan son dönem böbrek yetmezliğinde görülen kaşıntıdır. Sıklıkla diyaliz öncesi sırt, karın, baş ve kollarda görülen, yaşamı tehdit etmeyen, ciltte kaşınma, çizme isteği yaratan hoşa gitmeyen bir duygudur. Ayrıca bireyin yaşam kalitesini düşüren bir semptomdur. Bu özellikleriyle hastayı biyopsikososyal yönden olumsuz etkileyen ve kontrol altına alınması gereken bir durumdur. Üremik pruritusa yönelik yapılan tedaviler semptomatiktir ve hemşirelik yönetiminde hastanın izlemi, hasta ve hasta yakınlarının eğitimi, cilt ve tırnakların bakımı, dikkati başka yöne çekme teknikleri, aromaterapi, akupunktur-akupressör, masaj ve müzik gibi bütünleşik uygulamalara yer verilmektedir. Bu derleme üremik pruritusu olan hastanın hemşirelik yönetimi ve bu yönetim sürecinde yer alabilecek bütünleşik yaklaşımlar hakkında hemşirelere rehberlik sağlamak amacıyla hazırlanmıştır.
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