The present study is aimed to examine and compare the storage stability of seed kils extracted form red pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) waste by green techniques (cold pressing, ethanol solvent, and ultrasound-assisted ethanol solvent extraction). In accordance with this purpose, the oil samples were stored for a period of 6 weeks at 60°C under accelerated conditions and analyzed at weekly intervals for peroxide, conjugated diene-triene values tok follow their oxidation stability. It was observed that the peroxide, oxidative induction time, conjugated diene, and triene values of seed kils were significantly influenced by the extraction processes (p
The study focused on the possibilities of evaluation of red pepper (Capsicum Annuum L.) seeds being a food industry waste. The moisture content (%), the total crude oil and ash content, color, the weight of 1000 seeds, the thickness and diameter of the seeds were characterized. The oils were extracted from the seeds using green techniques: coldpressing, ethanol solvent, and ultrasound-assisted ethanol solvent extraction.Different techniques compared the production yield and quality characteristics of the oil samples. On average, linoleic acid (72.00%), oleic acid (11.76%), and palmitic acid (11.50%) were the predominant fatty acids in oils. The yield (16.80%) of the ultrasoundassisted technique was observed to be more effective than the others. The lowest content of acidity and the highest content of total carotenoids were found in the cold-press oil. The color, conjugated dienetriene values were higher with cold-pressing. The total phenolic contents and the antioxidant capacities were ranked in the following order: ethanol solvent (241.1 mg kg -1 and 79.84%), ultrasound-assisted (167.0 mg kg -1 and 67.18%), and cold press (131.8 mg kg -1 and 59.04%). The total tocopherols (1801.2 mg kg -1 ) content was superior in the oil extracted with the ethanol solvent technique. The results were shown that the oil obtained by using the ethanol solvent extraction technique had better bioactive properties and so, antioxidant activity compared to other green extraction techniques.
In this study, it was aimed to determine fat depression levels in cow milk obtained from Edirne and Tekirdağ provinces in May. Research data on this subject were obtained from a private dairy factory in May. Milk fat depression is a condition detected as a result of the milk fat levels of dairy cattle falling below 3.20%. Milk fat depression is an undesirable situation because it causes problems in obtaining dairy products. The data of May were compared with the 3.2% value, which is accepted as the milk fat depression threshold, with the help of a one-sample T-test. In this study, total fat levels were determined as 2.93% for Edirne and 3.32% for Tekirdağ. When the total fat levels were compared with the reference value, depression was observed in the Edirne province. However, depression has not been found in Tekirdağ province. Accordingly, milk obtained from Edirne in May is undesirable in terms of dairy production. In the province of Tekirdağ, such negativity has not been observed. In Edirne province, regulations should be made on animal feeding to increase milk fat levels. Fat depression analysis should be done in milk obtained from different provinces. Thus, it is of great importance for the economy of the country and human health to take urgent measures for feeding and animal breeding for places with depression.
In this study, it was aimed to determine the suitability of the total fat means of milk obtained from cows raised in Kırklareli province with reference values of European Union (EU) and Turkish Standards (TS) during the summer season. For this purpose, the fat means obtained were compared with the reference values required for both standards with the help of the one-sample T-test. It has been determined that the fat content of milk obtained from Kırklareli province is not in compliance with EU and Turkish Standards. It was observed that an average value below the minimum level specified in the said standards (EU reference value at least 3.6%, TS reference value at least 3.5%) was obtained (P <0.01). Fat mean (3.02%) of cow milk obtained from Kırklareli province during the summer season was not found suitable and healthful also economical for the production of milk and milk products for Turkish and EU Standards. In order to eliminate this disadvantage, appropriate feeding programs should be prepared and environmental conditions should be taken into consideration in order to increase the milk fat ratio of cows raised in Kırklareli Province of Turkey.
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