Objectives:Amifostine is a drug which can eliminate free oxygen radicals that appear in the body after radiation or chemotherapeutic agent exposure. It is used to decrease the renal toxicity of cisplatin. The aim of this study was to determine the role of amifostine in warm ischemia kidney model for prevention of ischemia/reperfusion injury and also to find out the mechanism for prevention from ischemia/reperfusion injury if such an effect does exist.Materials and Methods:Adult female rats (n = 40) that used in our study were divided into three groups. Group 1: Control (n = 8), group 2: Ischemia-control (n = 16), group 3: Amifostine treated (n = 16). The effect of amifostine on ischemia/reperfusion injury investigated in rat kidneys.Results:At the 7th day, blood urea nitrogen level was statistically significantly higher in ischemia-control group than all groups (P = 0.001) and mean serum creatinine levels were found to be the highest in ischemia-control group (P = 0.091). Mean malondialdehyde levels in left kidneys removed on the 7th day were not significantly different (P = 0.105) at all three groups. Between ischemia-control group and amifostine group, there was a significant difference in reduced glutathione (GSH) levels (P = 0.001). In amifostine group, grade 4 necrosis was not detected neither on 7th day nor day 0.Conclusion:Amifostine could decrease the degree and severity of necrosis after reperfusion. Amifostine could not prevent membrane lipid peroxidation caused by superoxide anion radicals in kidney but they could protect tissues from the harmful effects of ischemia/reperfusion injury by increasing the level of reduced GSH which is a well-known oxygen radical eliminator.

Objective: Nodal status is still the most important independent prognostic factor in breast cancer. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of lymph node revealing solution (LNRS) on the number and diameter of removed lymph nodes and nodal staging. Study Design: Consecutive 150 patients, diagnosed breast carcinoma, were included in the study. After excising the lymph nodes by the traditional method, remaining axillary tissue was immersed in LNRS for 6-12 hours. lymph nodes, which stood out as white chalky nodules, were excised and processed as usual. Results: An increase of 5.80 (32.03%) in the number of lymph nodes per case was observed, which was statistically significant. The diameters of the lymph nodes removed with LNRS were smaller compared to the classical method, and this was statistically significant as well. Furthermore, the LINES changed nodal stage of the disease in five of the studied cases. Conclusions: LNRS increases the number of lymph nodes that are removed and detects smaller lymph nodes. It may be an alternative method in cases with removed lymph nodes are critical number or under. Thus, accurate nodal staging and prognostic information will be obtained by using LNRS and more accurate treatment management will be provided.

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239J ejunal diverticulosis is a rare condition typically diagnosed incidentally during laparotomy or radiological examination. Although its incidence remains unclear, it is estimated to range between 0.073% and 1.3%, specifically between 0.073% and 1.3% on radiological examination and between 0.073% and 0.8% on autospy.1 The condition may be congenital or acquired and is associated with advanced age, with the incidence increasing in the sixth and seventh decades of life.2 Among small-intestine diverticulum cases other than those involving the duodenum, 80% have been observed in the jejunum, 15% in the ileum, and 5% in both.3 The probability of a complication is approximately 10% to 30%, among which acute complications include diverticulitis with perforation and abscess, bleeding, and mechanical intestinal obstruction. A AB BS ST TR RA AC CT T Jejunal diverticulosis is a rarely encountered condition typically diagnosed incidentally during laparotomy or radiological examination. Despite its rarity, this condition poses a serious risk of mortality and morbidity in the event of complications. Massive gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding due to jejunal diverticulosis is a particularly serious risk, evidenced by its high rate of mortality as a result of delayed diagnosis. A 60-year old female and a 75-year old female patients were admitted to the emergency department due to gastrointestinal bleeding. The diagnosis of jejunal diverticulosis was established during the operation. Here we present two cases in which we incidentally diagnosed jejunal diverticulosis during surgical treatment of massive lower and upper GI hemorrhage originating from the subject matter condition.K Ke ey y W Wo or rd ds s: : Gastrointestinal hemorrhage; emergency treatment Ö ÖZ ZE ET T Jejunal divertikülozis nadir görülür ve genellikle laparotomi veya radyolojik araştırmalarda tesadüfi olarak saptanır. Fakat, bu durum komplikasyonlara yol açtığında mortalite ve morbiditeye neden olabilir. Özellikle jejunal divertikülozise bağlı masif gastrointestinal kanamada gecikmiş tanıya bağlı mortalite oranı oldukça yüksektir. 60 yaşında ve 75 yaşında bayan hastalar acile gastrointestinal kanama şikayeti ile başvurdular. Hastalara jejunal divertikülozis tanısı ameliyat esnasında konuldu. Biz bu çalışmada sebebi bulunamayan alt ve üst gastrointestinal kanama nedeniyle ameliyat edilen hastalarda insidental saptanan jejunal divertikülozis olguları sunuyoruz.A An na ah ht ta ar r K Ke el li im me el le er r: : Gastrointestinal kanama; acil tedavi T Tu ur rk ki iy ye e K Kl li in ni ik kl le er ri i J J C Ca as se e R Re ep p 2 20 01 15 5; ;2 23 3(