The study investigated the relationship between duration of marriage, personality trait, gender and conflict resolution strategies of spouses in Makurdi, Nigeria. The research design employed was ex-post facto survey design. Purposive and convenience sampling techniques were used to select two hundred participants made up of 100 males and 100 females. Two standardized psychological instruments were used namely: Conflict Resolution Strategies Scale (CRSS) and The Big five Inventory (BFI). Data was analyzed using independent t-test, One-way Anova and multiple regression. Results showed that while duration of marriage had no significant relationship with conflict resolution strategies of spouses, personality traits and gender showed significant relationship. The result also indicated a significant interactive relationship between duration of marriage, personality traits, gender and conflict resolution strategies of spouses. It was then recommended that counsellors should put into consideration the interplay of duration of marriage, personality traits and gender when issues of conflicts arise with a view of assisting spouses in adopting helpful resolution strategies.
In recent times, prisons in Nigeria have witnessed unprecedented increase in the admission of prison inmates. This alarming rate turns out to housing prison inmates beyond the capacity at which most prisons were built for. It then hinders the goals of reformations, rehabilitation and reintegration. As a result, this study assesses the capacity and current lockup of prison population in six geo-political zones of the Nigeria. Based on this assessment, it was discovered that most prisons across the zones were housing more than capacity in which they were originally built for, while majority of the inmates are awaiting trials. This clustering and crowding of prisoners together in a choky cell that in originally may be meant for five inmates and housing 20-30 inmates may arouse prison violence, aggressive behaviour and reduce the quality and sense of psychological wellbeing of the inmates. It is therefore recommended that programs and policies that will increase the wellbeing of the prison inmates should be embraced as this will improve the lives of the inmates and the aim of reformation, rehabilitation and reintegration of prison inmates back to the larger society can be achieved.
The cognitive progression of displaced children has suffered major setback in Nigeria in recent time as a result of boko haram insurgency, Fulani herdsmen militia and communal clashes. Therefore, this study examines the cognitive reasoning of the children of primary and secondary school ages that are currently seeking refuge at internally displaced camps in North-Central, Nigeria. 1,222 internally displaced children were assessed using visual, numerical and verbal reasoning analysis tests respectively, developed by Barrett (2004). Of the total number of participants, 29.8% responded correctly to numerical reasoning tests, 15.6% answered correctly the verbal reasoning tests and 31.7% responded to visual analysis tests. The result showed that majority of the children could not respond correctly to reasoning and analysis tests. The study concludes that children are worst vulnerable to current ongoing displacement in the country and this has resulted into downfall in the educational system and cognitive improvement of the children. It is therefore recommended that quick response to IDP children in the area of education should not be ignored or neglected in case of displacement of any type by government, philanthropists and non-governmental organizations.
This study investigated post traumatic stress disorder among retired military personnel in Makurdi Metropolis. The study employed an ex-post facto cross-sectional survey method where two hundred and ninety two (292) retired military personnel with ages ranging from 38-88 years (Mean= 59.21, SD = 9.82) participated in the study. A questionnaire consisting of three sections was used to collect data. Results of Multiple Regression showed that, education, emotional detachment and social stigma independently and jointly contributed to post traumatic stress among retired military personnel (R=.304, F(5,274)=3.498, p<.001). Pearson's Product Moment Correlation equally showed a significant positive relationship between coping abilities and post-traumatic stress disorder among retired military personnel r(290) = .96 p <.001. Based on the findings of the study, it was therefore recommended that conscious efforts should be made to improve the condition of the serving and retired military personnel suffering from posttraumatic stress disorder. The study also recommended that more researches should be conducted in the study area for further identification of the long term solution of problems of posttraumatic stress disorder among military personnel using larger sample sizes.
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