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Significant correlation was noted between PEFR and anthropometric parameters like height, weight and BMI. Hence, nomogram and formula created can be used in the study area.

Plasmodium vivax is now recognized as a cause of severe and fatal infection in many parts of the world. This prospective observational study was undertaken in a tertiary health setting to understand the spectrum of the disease burden and associated complications due to P. vivax malaria in central India. A malaria clinic under Regional Medical Research Centre for Tribals is operational at Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose Medical College and Hospital, Jabalpur in central India, where all fever cases and cases with history of fever were referred for screening of malaria parasite by microscopy and rapid diagnostic test kits. Confirmation of all the cases was done by PCR targeting 18s ribosomal RNA gene of the parasite to exclude mixed infection with P. falciparum. Severe vivax malaria was found in 22 (11·1%) out of 198 vivax patients. Cerebral malaria, seizures, severe malaria anaemia, and respiratory distress each were observed in 32% subjects. Multi-organ dysfunction syndrome was common (36%). Mortality was recorded in two patients and neurological sequelae were also observed in two patients at the time of discharge. This is the first report from Central India where P. vivax has been shown to be associated with severe signs of malaria. Severe vivax malaria is a relatively new clinical entity and further studies from different parts of the world are needed to understand clinical spectrum and burden of P. vivax not only for successful treatment, but also for designing and developing effective malaria control measures.

Introduction: Serum lipid disorders have their roots in childhood and atherogenic changes are postulated to originate early in life. Cord lipid profile is a useful tool in the earlier detection of babies at a higher risk. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to assess the early onset dyslipidemia by determining cord blood lipid profile in healthy term newborns and to compare the cord blood lipid profile between terms small for gestational age (SGA) and appropriate for gestational age (AGA) newborns. Materials and Methods: This prospective observational study was conducted from October 2013 to October 2014 in the Department of Pediatrics of a Tertiary Care Institution of Central India. All normal term newborns with gestational age between 37 and 42 weeks were included in the study. After thorough examination, their weight, length, and ponderal index (PI) were recorded. Cord blood was collected immediately after the delivery and cord lipid profile was measured. Data were recorded and correlated statistically. Results: Of 114 neonates, 71 were AGA, 40 were SGA, and three were large for gestational age. There were 59 (51.8%) female and 55 (48.2%) male neonates. Birth weight, length, gestational age, head circumference, and PI were significantly higher in AGA neonates than SGA neonates (p<0.001, 0.013, 0.022, 0.02, and <0.001, respectively). Total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TGs), low-density cholesterol (LDL), and very low-density cholesterol (VLDL) levels were significantly higher in term SGA than term AGA neonates. Conclusion: Birth weight correlated negatively with LDL, VLDL, TC, and TG. Lipid profile parameters were also higher in babies with maternal body mass index ?25 kg/m2.

Pseudotumor cerebri is a clinical syndrome characterized by raised intracranial pressure with normal ventricular size, anatomy and position. Headache, vomiting and diplopia are the most common symptoms. Signs include those of raised intracranial pressure including papilledema and absence of focal neurological signs. A secondary cause is identifiable in 50% of children; the most common predisposing conditions are otitis media, viral infection and medications. Management is mainly directed towards identifying and treating the cause and measures to reduce the raised intracranial pressure. Though it is mostly a self limited condition, optic atrophy and blindness can occur. Oculomotor nerve palsy is very rarely associated with pseudotumor cerebri. We report a unique case of pseudotumor cerebri who had left Oculomotor palsy with sparing of the pupillary fibres, which resolved following treatment with oral acetazolamide.

A tubercular cold abscess secondary to adjoining bone involvement is a well-known entity. However, a primary cold abscess with no bony involvement in children is very rare. We present such a case.

Symmetric peripheral gangrene (SPG) in a case of mixed malaria (P. falciparum and P. vivax) is a rare and relatively unknown complication of malaria. We report a case of 10-yr-old female with mixed malaria infection and SPG (Symmetric Peripheral Gangrene) of foot, which is most likely due to interaction between parasite factors (P. Falciparum and P. viavx) and host factors.

OBJECTIVE:To describe range of saturation in healthy newborn during first 10 minutes of life and their comparison on the basis of gestational age & mode of delivery. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: In this prospective observational study all healthy newborn (Term or Preterm) delivered normally or by caesarean section who did not require any intervention or support for survival. RESULT: A total of 300 newborns were analyzed. On average caeserian delivered newborn had lower SpO2 than infants born vaginally (p <0.001) and they took longer time to reach SpO2>85%. The median SpO2 did not reach 90% until 5 minutes of life in either group. Significant difference in oxygen saturation were also found at 1, 5 & 10 minute between pre-term & term newborn (P value <0.001). CONCLUSION AND RELEVANCE: Study data show that healthy newborns have relatively low oxygen saturation is first few minute of life. Oxygen should be administered to newborn only if it is indicated clinically.