F ollowing our previous research, we argue that weak societal institutions allow human agency factors to influence human behaviour strongly and, in particular, to affect how people coped with the collapse of Soviet institutions and responded to new opportunities that arose in the transition from communism. We chose Estonia as our study site because it had a ''bottom-up'' transition that encouraged individual initiative and mass participation. Further, its state rapidly developed efficient, democratic institutions and legalized private ownership, which reorganized economic activity. Human agency factors include pre-conditions (e.g., skills, education, goals), processes (e.g., making choices and factors affecting choices, such as self-efficacy and locus of control), and previous agentic actions. We examined the impacts of adolescent abilities and goals, completed education, and economic activities in the first stage of the transition on economic success in the second stage using longitudinal data from the Paths of a Generation study. Respondents were interviewed around age 18 (in 1983) and again around ages ). As hypothesized, we found evidence that adolescents' abilities affected both income in 2004 and income mobility between 1997 and 2004. Additional education completed after adolescence and economic activities reflecting individual initiative in the first stage of the transition also promoted economic success. Surprisingly, adolescent agency had noteworthy effects on the economic success of adults who were almost 40 years old and who had been reared and educated in a communist society with strikingly different institutions, norms, and values than those in Estonia in 2004.S uite à notre recherche passée, nous argumentons que des institutions sociétales faibles permettent à l'action humaine de fortement influencer le comportement humain et, particulièrement, d'affecter comment les gens ont composé avec le démantèlement des institutions soviétiques et ont répondu aux nouvelles opportunités qui ont émergé dans la transition du communisme. Nous avons choisi l'Estonie comme site de notre étude parce qu'il a une transition bottom-up, dite ascendante ou de bas en haut, qui encourage l'initiative individuelle et la participation populaire. De plus, son état a rapidement développé des institutions efficaces, démocratiques et a légalisé la propriété privée, ce qui a réorganisé l'activité économique. Les facteurs impliqués dans l'action humaine incluent des pré-conditions (e.g., habiletés, éducation, buts), des processus (e.g., faire des choix et facteurs affectant les choix, comme l'auto-efficacité et le locus de contrô le) et les actions volontaires passées. Nous avons examiné les impacts des habilités et des buts, de l'éducation complétée et des activités économiques des adolescents dans la première étape de la transition sur le succès économique dans la deuxième étape en utilisant des données longitudinales de l'étude Sillons (Trajectoires) d'une Génération («Paths of a Generation»). Les répondants ont été interviewés ...
No abstract
Public satisfaction with healthcare systems is an important dimension of healthcare legitimacy. The paper analyzes how satisfaction with healthcare systems depended upon the economic situation of our respondents during and after the economic recession in the Baltic states. The results show that there were no differences in public satisfaction with healthcare between better and worse off people in Estonia (except in 2009). In Lithuania, however, satisfaction among the economically better off was higher compared to other groups between 2008 and 2014. In Latvia, inequality in satisfaction between groups in different economic situations became significant from 2010.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.