The study has tried to investigate the status of the financial inclusion of tribal people in two tribal concentrated districts, namely Bolangir and Mayurbhanj, in the state of Odisha. Field investigations were undertaken to find out the status of financial inclusion in six villages of these two districts where the proportion of the tribal population was larger than that of the total population. Primary data were collected from 300 households by using a semi-open survey schedule. It was found that about 71.7 per cent of households had no savings bank accounts; 70.7 per cent were not involved in self-help group activities and 97.7 per cent did not have post office savings accounts. Additionally, a logit regression model was used to identify the various determinants of financial inclusion of tribal households. The results revealed that years of education attained by the household head, size of private-owned land, total annual income of the household and participation in the Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Scheme (MGNREGS) were significant determinants for financial inclusion among tribal people.
This study examines the role of gender equality in CO2 emissions for a panel of six emerging market economies over the period of 1990-2019. The results of cointegration and causality analysis reveal that income inequality, economic growth and energy consumption contribute to environmental degradation, while gender equality helps to reduce it. Though Kuznets’ hypothesis is confirmed, promoting gender equality on the natural environment is nullified in the presence of income inequality and economic growth.
This paper aims to decompose the sources of growth in economies in the Southern African region’s Common Monetary Area and in the provinces of South Africa. Decomposition results for the Common Monetary Area reveal that the growth of aggregate and sectoral gross domestic product is driven by input, without increasing efficiency in production or benefiting from technological progress, which is unsustainable. Negative technical change implies that countries are unable to reap the benefits from shifts in technology. Countries experiencing input-driven growth in the secondary sector, such as Namibia and Eswatini, have the potential to achieve growth through efficiency improvements and by adopting technology. Output growth in the provinces of South Africa is negatively contributed by changes in technical efficiency, which suggests that policy makers should raise growth further by emphasizing improvements in efficiency in these provinces.
We investigate the relevance of beta (β, absolute and conditional) and sigma (σ) convergence in the economies of the Common Monetary Area of Southern Africa and in the provinces of the Republic of South Africa using panel data, allowing an understanding of growth and inequality in the region. The region has experienced β- and σ-convergence; however, growth rates of per capita gross domestic product are low at aggregate and sectoral levels. At sectoral level, the performance of the tertiary sector is better than that of the primary and secondary sectors. The relatively poor performance of the primary and secondary sectors needs policy attention. For the provinces of South Africa, capital expenditure on key sectors such as education and health can enhance growth rate, whereas the overall revenue expenditure retards growth. Therefore, provinces’ capital budgets need to be managed well within the limitation of revenue expenditure to avoid fiscal imbalances.
Purpose The study unravels the effects of climate-induced variations in staple crop yields on various migratory inflows in India while adjusting for seasonal weather and sociodemographic factors.Design/methodology/approachThe instrumental variable approach is used to assess the potential effects of climate and nonclimate parameters on various migration types, exploiting panel data at the district level from the 2001 and 2011 Census years, with agriculture acting as the mediator.Findings As weather-driven variations in rice and wheat yield increase by 10%, the share of migration within and between districts to population decreases by 0.017 and 0.002, respectively. However, rice and wheat yields increase by 494.60 and 524.40%, respectively, with a marginal increase in the share of migration within states to population. Also, the elasticities of disadvantaged groups, literate locals and agricultural workers vary for different relocations.Originality/valueThe current study affirms climate migration through the agricultural channel at a finer spatial scale, asserting the sensitivity aspect of disparate movements to periodic weather and heterogeneous clusters. This is critical for effectively implementing targeted public policies in the face of increasing climate risks.Peer reviewThe peer review history for this article is available at https://publons.com/publon/10.1108/IJSE-10-2022-0710
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