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A Cu-catalyzed new sequence involving the Ullmann type intermolecular C-C followed by an intramolecular C-N coupling and then intramolecular aza-Michael type addition (and oxidation) in a single pot afforded various fused N-heterocyclic acetic acid derivatives as inhibitors of PDE4.

A new, simple and straightforward cascade reaction involving the Pd-catalyzed isocyanide insertion followed by a nucleophilic attack by the indole C-3 has been developed. The