Kulcsszavak: életstratégiák, gyűjteményes kertek, mohafl orisztika, ökológiai jelzőszámok. Összefoglalás: A Budai Arborétum teljes területét lefedő mohafl orisztikai kutatást végeztünk, melynek eredményeként összesen 56 mohafajt (4 májmohát és 52 lombosmohát) észleltünk. Főként országosan gyakori fajok kerültek elő a kutatás során, azonban a Vörös Listán mérsékelten fenyegetett (NT) kategóriába sorolt 4 faj (Gymnostomum calcareum, Orthotrichum obtusifolium, Orthotrichum pumilum, Pseudocrossidium revolutum) előfordulása fi gyelemre méltó. Fakérgen az Orthotrichum diaphanum, sziklán a Schistidium crassipilum, betonon az Amblystegium serpens van jelen legnagyobb borítással, talajon az Eurhynchium hians a leggyakoribb. A kertben élő mohafajok majd háromnegyede a hőklímához való alkalmazkodás (T-érték) szempontjából a "lomblevelű" hőháztartás típushoz tartozik. A környezeti nedvességhez való alkalmazkodottság (W-érték) szempontjából az "extrém száraz", "igen száraz", "száraz", "mérsékelten száraz" csoportokba tartozik a fajok majd kétharmada, ez jól mutatja a kert száraz klímáját. Az aljzat pH-jához való alkalmazkodottság (R-érték) alapján a fajok közel fele-fele arányban az indiff erens, illetve a bázikus indikációval jellemezhető csoportokba tartoznak. Életstratégia szempontjából a fajok közel kétharmada pionír természetű, kolonista (C), a többi faj évelő állandó (P), hosszú életű vándorló (LS), rövid életű vándorló, átfutó (F), illetve egyéves vándorló (AS).
Th is paper presents additions to the Distribution atlas of vascular plants of Hungary with 661 new occurrence records for 497 taxa from 49 CEU grid cells. Th e new data are from the territory of Hungary, mainly from Budapest and its surroundings and the Danube and its tributaries. Th e second confi rmed occurrence of Allium ursinum in the Pilis Mts, the confi rmed occurrence of Ceratocephala testiculata in Budapest, the two new localities for Astragalus asper, the two ruderal localities for Atriplex littoralis, the new occurrence record for Lindernia procumbens near Göd, the occurrence of Salvinia molesta in Dunaalmás, Physalis peruviana and Silybum marianum in Budapest, and Azolla fi liculoides at Dunaszeg are the most signifi cant records presented in the paper.
The vast majority of floristical and coenological studies focus on the natural vegetation and its remnants in urban environments; however, there is an increasing interest in the systematic exploration of built environments. This survey of the inhabited areas of Budapest launched in 2018 applied a new and detailed methodology. The territorial units of the survey were street sections, where the presence of vascular plants was recorded in ecologically different habitats separately. We laid down the foundations to establish new habitat categories for the habitat classification and mapping of urban ecosystems using a different approach than the Hungarian habitat classification system (ÁNÉR). The method enables us to study the flora of urban ecosystems in detail. We established 18 urban habitat categories, surveyed more than 27,000 survey units and registered 647 spontaneously growing plant species in Budapest. Our survey evinced the spontaneous occurrence of 193 alien species in Budapest, 81 of them are data deficient, while 10 of them are new introductions in Hungary. 53.9% of the aliens are cultivated frequently in Hungary.
The occurrence of temporary wetland habitats was once frequent in Europe, especially in the Mediterranean region, but attenuating nowadays. The role of anthropogenic aquatic habitats (such as irrigation ponds) in biodiversity and nature conservation has recently become more important. Small irrigation ponds and greater water reservoirs are common parts of the landscape in Albania. The persistent drought of 2016-2017 allowed us to explore the floristic diversity of the beds of dried irrigation ponds and reservoirs. The timing of the field survey was early autumn based on knowledge of the expected appearance of mud vegetation. We recorded the physical parameters of the ponds (location, altitude, the slope angle of the embankment, and bedrock). The cover of each species, water surface, and mud has been estimated by circuiting the whole reservoir. Altogether 129 ponds and reservoirs were studied, more than 3400 new floristic records referring to 324 vascular plant species (of which 35 are adventive) were recorded. Most of the dried irrigation ponds were rather sparsely colonized. Irrigation ponds can serve as a refuge for plants that are connected to wet habitats, but grazing and manuring in and around them can be a threat by promoting the spread of invasive and nitrophilous plants.
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