The aim of this study is to evaluate the eff ect of Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound (LIPUS) on marginal bone loss and osseointegration of dental implant using Cone Beam CT (CBCT) image analysis, torque wrench and Resonance Frequency Analysis (RFA) techniques. The study sample comprised of 22 patients; who were divided randomly into two equal groups (n=11). Each patient received one dental implant placed in the maxillary premolar region. Following fi rst stage implant surgery, in Group I, LIPUS was delivered to the implant operation site for 10 weeks before loading and for another 10 weeks post loading, while in control Group II, the implant wound was allowed to heal in the conventional way. The patients in both groups were followed up at 3 months and 6 months using clinical and radiological assessments that comprised of CBCT image analysis, Torque wrench and RFA values. The peri-implant bone height and width were measured and compared at three diff erent views (coronal, sagittal and axial) using CBCT at day 0, 3 months and 6 months. Statistical analysis using repeated measure ANOVA with signifi cance level of p<0.05 was employed for the evaluation and comparison within the same group and among the two diff erent groups based on specifi c time points. There was an increase in marginal bone level in Group I at six months post-operative and marginal bone lone loss in Group II within the same time interval. The marginal bone gain in Group I was statistically signifi cant at the buccal bone plate site. In both groups, there was an increase in torque wrench and RFA values but the increase was more signifi cant in Group I (LIPUS treated) compared to control group at six months post-operative. LIPUS promote bone healing around dental implant and can be utilized as a treatment modality to save implant with questionable stability and to enhance bone regeneration and quality osseointegration
A malocclusion is a misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close. It has been suggested that masticatory function varies in relation to different malocclusion. Thereby, masticatory muscle can be affected with different malocclusion as masticatory process is related with this. The aim of this study was to evaluate the function of masticatory muscles (masseter and temporalis muscles) in patient with different malocclusion by surface electromyography (sEMG). On masticatory muscle, twenty eight patients (13 male and 15 female) were assessed by using sEMG and the results compared between gender and different malocclusions. Male and female group in left masseter muscle during chewing and right temporalis muscle during clenching. No significant difference (p>0.05) for class I, II and III malocclusion, except right temporalis muscle showed significant difference (p=0.010) on clenching. In conclusion, the function of the masticatory muscles were varies between male and female and different malocclusion of class I, II and III.
Oxide film was obtained on a NiTi shape memory alloy by a chemical method. The influences of surface oxidation on the phase transformations and corrosion resistance were assessed. Light blue oxide film formed on the alloy was mainly composed of TiO 2 . Differential scanning calorimetry(DSC) measurement displayed that the phase transformations was not affected by surface oxidation. Electrochemical tests indicated that the oxidized NiTi alloy showed better corrosion resistance than the non-oxidized one in the simulated body fluid. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) revealed that lower pitting corrosion occurred for the oxidized NiTi alloy compared with the non-oxidized. The oxidized samples did not show any surface alterations except very small and homogeneously distributed pits were observed.
The purpose of this study was to assess the response of osteoblasts (MC3T3-E1) and fibroblasts (L929) toward an extremely low magnetic field (ELMF) exposure. The strength and frequency of the field were set to 0.4 T and 0.17 Hz, respectively. The cells were exposed to semi-confluent culture plates for 6 hours. Cell proliferation was assessed on days 1, 3, 7 and 10 after the ELMF exposure. To evaluate osteoblastic differentiation, we measured alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities of MC3T3-E1 cells at 3, 7 and 10 days after the exposure. The effects on mineralized nodule formation was evaluated by Alizarin Red S staining at 21 day culture. The results revealed that proliferation of the MC3T3-E1 cells was stimulated 3 days after ELMF exposure, whereas that of L929 cells was not stimulated in the day 3 culture. This stimulation was not observed at 7 or 10 days in either cell. ALP activities of the MC3T3-E1 cells were significantly increased 7 and 10 days after the exposure, and calcified nodule formation was also promoted as compared to the non exposed control culture on day 21. These results suggest that osteoblasts demonstrate specific response to magnetic fields, and that bone formation can be accelerated through the stimulation of osteoblasts by ELMF.
An accurate evaluation of tooth size and tooth size discrepancy is critically important in orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The purpose of this study was to establish a new method to measure and assess tooth size and tooth size discrepancy with accuracy and reproducibility, named as circumferential tooth size (CFT), circumferential anterior tooth size ratio (CAR), circumferential overall tooth size ratio (COR) respectively. Total 128 dental models were scanned via Hirox digital stereomicroscope for the fabrication of the digital models. Dental models were selected on the basis of inclusion criteria. All the measurements were obtained with the accuracy of 0.1×10 -6 mm; the mean and the SD for the CFT, CAR and COR were calculated. The developed norms for the CFT, demonstrated significantly greater values for males in relation to females. More precisely, there were statistically significant differences observed in different variables (*p 0.05 to ***p 0.001). CAR and COR ratio show slight greater value for males without any statistically significant differences. The findings provide valuable information that CFT cover the tooth size in all dimensional aspects. For the prediction of ideal occlusion to be achieved at the finishing stage, orthodontist needs to evaluate CAR and COR ratios via proposed method.
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