Clinical guidelines for obstetrical practice were first published by the Japan Society of Obstetrics and Gynecology (JSOG) and the Japan Association of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (JAOG) in 2008, and a revised version was published in 2011. The aims of this publication include the determination of current standard care practices for pregnant women in Japan, the widespread use of standard care practices, the enhancement of safety in obstetrical practice, the reduction in burdens associated with medico-legal and medico-economical problems, and a better understanding between pregnant women and maternity-service providers. These guidelines include a total of 87 Clinical Questions followed by several Answers (CQ&A), a Discussion, a List of References, and some Tables and Figures covering common problems and questions encountered in obstetrical practice. Each answer with a recommendation level of A, B or C has been prepared based principally on "evidence" or a consensus among Japanese obstetricians in situations where "evidence" is weak or lacking. Answers with a recommendation level of A or B represent current standard care practices in Japan. All 87 CQ&As are presented herein to promote a better understanding of the current standard care practices for pregnant women in Japan.
The incidence of uterine scar defects 1 month after cesarean sections varies with the method applied for myometrial suture and perioperative variables. The data suggest that methods for myometrium closure as well as other factors influence the condition of myometrial healing.
Placenta previa increta/percreta is a life-threatening disease. Patients who undergo hysterectomy after uterine arterial embolization demonstrate reduced intraoperation blood loss, and this treatment should be incorporated to reduce maternal morbidity.
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