In fantasy fiction, names play a fundamental role in portraying the characters' personality traits and identity. Names are also sometimes chosen to create certain effects. The fact that names may carry meaning raises the question of how names are dealt with in translation. This issue is especially pertinent in the case of the Harry Potter novels in which many of the names have associative meanings. In view of this, the aim of this study is to determine the procedures used in the translation of some of the proper names in the novel 'Harry Potter and The Goblet of Fire' into Malay. The study also aims to discuss the effects resulting from the use of the translation procedures. To carry out the study, the proper names in the novel are first identified based on the definition of proper names by Fernandes (2006). Next, the names are mapped to their Malay counterparts. The procedures for the translation of proper names proposed by Fernandes (2006) are then used to analyse how the names are translated into Malay. Finally, the concept of 'translation loss' by Hervey and Higgins (1992) is used to determine the effects resulting from the use of the translation procedures. The analysis reveals that a number of different procedures are used to translate the names into Malay. The procedures used have resulted in the loss of hidden meanings in the names, the loss of the creative aspect of the names and the loss of the casual style of the original.
Lexical creativity is one of the ways through which authors of children's literature shape their stories, entertain children and build their identity and style. In spite of their uniqueness, creative lexical items are often replaced with more common words in translation, a phenomenon described through the law of growing standardisation hypothesis. In view of the importance of creative lexical items in children's literature, there is a need to explore how creativity is transferred in the process of translation. This study is carried out to examine the translation of lexical creativity in children's literature from English to Malay. More specifically, the aims of the study are to identify the types of creative lexical items in children's literature in English and to determine how translators transfer creativity from English into Malay. The study also aims to determine whether the hypothesis of the law of growing standardisation applies in the context of the translation of children's literature from English into Malay. The study employs a corpus-based model for research on the translation of creative lexical items. Corpus analysis tools are used to identify different forms of creative lexical items and to identify the translations for these items. Based on the analysis, five types of creative lexical items are identified; many, however, are replaced with common words when translated into Malay, resulting in the loss of unique features of the original works. It is, however, also found that translators compensate for some of these losses by introducing other elements in the Malay translations.
Lexical creativity is one of the ways through which authors of children's literature shape their stories, entertain children and build their identity and style. In spite of their uniqueness, creative lexical items are often replaced with more common words in translation, a phenomenon described through the law of growing standardisation hypothesis. In view of the importance of creative lexical items in children's literature, there is a need to explore how creativity is transferred in the process of translation. This study is carried out to examine the translation of lexical creativity in children's literature from English to Malay. More specifically, the aims of the study are to identify the types of creative lexical items in children's literature in English and to determine how translators transfer creativity from English into Malay. The study also aims to determine whether the hypothesis of the law of growing standardisation applies in the context of the translation of children's literature from English into Malay. The study employs a corpus-based model for research on the translation of creative lexical items. Corpus analysis tools are used to identify different forms of creative lexical items and to identify the translations for these items. Based on the analysis, five types of creative lexical items are identified; many, however, are replaced with common words when translated into Malay, resulting in the loss of unique features of the original works. It is, however, also found that translators compensate for some of these losses by introducing other elements in the Malay translations.
Penterjemah lazimnya membuat pemilihan terancang dalam proses menentukan strategi penterjemahan. Pemilihan ini antara lain bergantung kepada sejauh mana kuasa yang diberikan kepada mereka untuk membuat keputusan. Pemilihan strategi penterjemahan juga mencerminkan status teks asal berbanding teks sasaran serta ideologi yang mendorong kegiatan penterjemahan pada satu-satu masa tertentu. Kecenderungan strategi yang digunakan oleh penterjemah sama ada berorientasikan sumber atau sasaran boleh ditentukan dengan mengkaji cara sesuatu unsur budaya diterjemahkan. Sehubungan itu, kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengenal pasti strategi yang digunakan untuk menterjemah karya sastera kanak-kanak yang menjadi fenomena iaitu siri Harry Potter serta menganalisis faktor ideologi dan kuasa yang mendorong pemilihan strategi tersebut. Sebanyak 84 unsur budaya telah dikenal pasti dan dikelaskan berdasarkan klasifikasi unsur budaya oleh Aixela (1996). Prosedur dan strategi keseluruhan penterjemahan dibuat berdasarkan model klasifikasi pendekatan penterjemahan oleh Qafzezi (2013) yang memanfaatkan prosedur penterjemahan unsur budaya oleh Ivir (1987) dan strategi penterjemahan oleh Venuti (2008). Analisis kajian menunjukkan bahawa strategi penterjemahan yang digunakan untuk menterjemah siri Harry Potter ke dalam bahasa Melayu lebih cenderung kepada berorientasikan sumber. Penterjemah didapati memiliki kuasa yang terhad dalam menentukan strategi penterjemahan yang digunakan. Kajian ini juga mendapati bahawa telah berlaku perubahan ideologi dalam aktiviti penterjemahan karya sastera kanak-kanak di Malaysia pada masa kini dibandingkan dengan tempoh semasa pasca penjajahan.
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