The integration of the financial industry and financial technology (Fintech) plays a pivotal role in increasing financial services reach and inclusion for the large unbanked population in Indonesia. Fintech adoption optimization expands the financial access to formal financial institutions, especially to vulnerable groups such as the unbanked population who predominantly reside in rural areas far from formal financial institutions. Fintech is viewed as a game changer to bring finance to the unreached communities via information technology and digital financial landscape. In this causal research, data collection was done via online questionnaires to 485 Fintech users between December 2020 and April 2021. Data analysis and path modelling was performed using smartPLS 3.0 software. Result shows user innovativeness as a significant predictor, directly and indirectly affecting the adoption of Fintech in Indonesia, while user attitude found the most important factor towards Fintech adoption. Financial literacy is the least important variable to predict Fintech adoption, contrary to popular belief. This indicates that Fintech usage requires less financial literacy and is potential to reach unbanked population and those with low financial literacy. To make Fintech more inclusive, the government needs to accelerate improving Information and Communications Technology (ICT) infrastructure such as widening mobile broadband penetration and soft infrastructure by encouraging Fintech startup, allowing regulatory sandbox for startups, and driving financial institutions to innovate through Fintech to bring financial services to unbanked population.

The development of information technology in the industrial era 4.0 has affected various aspects of life, including the financial sector by promoting digital payment. The ability to manage finances well is needed in dealing with this situation. Addressing this phenomenon, Indonesian citizens, especially Generation Z who are considered full of confidence, enthusiasm, and risk-taker are also required to have a comparable readiness to avoid unwanted things like falling into impulsive buying behavior. The objective of this research is to examine: (1) the influence of financial literacy on consumers' impulsive buying behavior; (2) the influence of financial literacy on self-control; and (3) the influence of financial literacy on consumers' impulsive buying behavior with self-control as mediating variable. This study is comparative causal research with a quantitative approach. The object for this study is Generation Z who are individuals aged 17-24 years and who stayed in Bandung, Indonesia, as Bandung is one of the favorite destinations city in Indonesia to pursue higher studies. The sampling method the author used is convenience and purposive sampling. While the data collection method is through a survey using a questionnaire. The author collecting a total of 422 samples. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics, inferential analysis, and path analysis. The findings of this study revealed that: (1) financial literacy has a negative and significant effect on consumers impulsive buying behavior; (2) financial literacy has a positive and significant effect on self-control; and (3) self-control is able to mediate the effect of financial literacy on consumers impulsive buying behavior.

A meta-analysis was conducted to examine the effect of supplementing the diet of broiler chickens with propolis on growth, bacterial population of the intestine, antiviral serum concentration, intestinal morphology, and digestive enzyme activities in broiler chickens. Forty peer-reviewed articles that had been published between 2003 and 2019 were identified using the PRISMA protocol and included in the study. Data were analysed with mixed model methodology, in which the studies were considered random effects, whereas the level of supplemental propolis was considered a fixed effect. Responses to propolis supplementation in bodyweight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) were quadratic, but average daily feed intake (ADFI) was not affected. Propolis supplementation improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) significantly as a linear function of the level of supplement. The optimum level of supplementation was between 256 and 262 mg/kg feed and produced maximum ADG and final BW. There was a tendency for mortality to decrease because of propolis supplementation. Propolis had no detectable effect on serum antiviral concentration, intestinal bacterial population or intestinal morphology. Among digestive enzymes, only sucrase increased linearly as propolis was increased. Thus, supplementation with propolis increased the growth performance of broiler chickens positively and the effect was dose dependent. This may have been partly because of an improvement in sucrase activity and other factors related to the nutritional content of propolis. Future study to evaluate specific bioactive compounds of propolis is therefore warranted.

In 2015 ASEAN leaders agreed to form an integrated market called ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) that enables countries in Southeast Asia to trade goods and services more easily, attracting strong demand from investors and heightened the competition in the industry. The heightened of competition should encourage banks to reduce operating costs and, hence, eliminate inefficiencies in the banking industry. The objective of this study is to examine the relative efficiency scores of Islamic banks across six countries in ASEAN from 2011 to 2018. The study implement Data Envelopment Analysis under the intermediation and production approach. Despite the rapid growth of the Islamic banking, examination of Islamic banks at a cross-country level is still at its infancy, especially in ASEAN. Therefore, this research aims to fill the gap in the literature by providing the empirical evidence on the efficiency of Islamic banks in ASEAN during 2011-2018. The analysis is divided into two frontiers, namely single-multiyear frontier to examine the efficiency trends of all ASEAN countries in eight years and cross-sectional frontier to compare the efficiency of countries in ASEAN per year. The single multi-year frontier shows that the Philippines, Malaysia, Thailand and Singapore presents positive trend efficiency, while Indonesia fell, and Brunei fluctuated. Cross-sectional frontier shows that Brunei is the country that is most frequent in achieving optimum efficiency. Furthermore, the higher the efficiency of an Islamic banking industry, the more it's contributes to society and the economy as a whole Abstrak: Pada tahun 2015 para pemimpin ASEAN sepakat untuk membentuk pasar terpadu yang disebut Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN (MEA) yang memungkinkan negara-negara di Asia Tenggara untuk berdagang barang dan jasa dengan lebih mudah, menarik permintaan kuat dari investor dan meningkatkan persaingan di negara-negara tersebut. industri. Tingginya kompetisi mendorong bank untuk mengurangi biaya operasional dan, karenanya, menghilangkan inefisiensi dalam industri perbankan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji skor efisiensi relatif bank-bank Islam di enam negara di ASEAN dari 2011 hingga 2018. Studi ini mengimplementasikan Analisis Envelopment Data di bawah pendekatan intermediasi dan produksi. Meskipun pertumbuhan perbankan syariah cepat, pemeriksaan bank-bank Islam di tingkat lintas negara masih dalam masa pertumbuhan, terutama di ASEAN. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengisi kesenjangan dalam literatur dengan memberikan bukti empiris pada efisiensi bank syariah di ASEAN selama 2011-2018. Analisis ini dibagi menjadi dua perbatasan, yaitu perbatasan tunggal-multi-tahun untuk menguji tren efisiensi semua negara ASEAN dalam delapan tahun dan perbatasan lintas bagian untuk membandingkan efisiensi negara-negara di ASEAN per tahun. Perbatasan tunggal multi-tahun menunjukkan bahwa Filipina, Malaysia, Thailand, dan Singapura menghadirkan efisiensi dengan tren positif, sementara Indonesia menurun, dan Brunei berfluktuasi. P...