Background and Objectives: Ambivalence over emotional expression plays an important role in quality of life and adherence to treatment in cancer patients. The aim of this study was to determine the mediating role of depression and social support in the relationship between ambivalence and quality of life and adherence to treatment in cancer patients. Materials and Methods:The present study was descriptive and based on structural equation modeling. For this purpose, 206 cancer patients referred to Dezful medical centers in 2020 were selected by convenience sampling method and completed questionnaires of ambivalence over emotional expression, quality of life, adherence to treatment, depression, and social support. Data were analyzed using statistical methods of structural equation modeling and Pearson's correlation. Results:The results showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between ambivalence and quality of life (β=-0.183), depression and adherence (β=-0.178) (p<0.05), ambivalence and social support (β=-0.411), between depression and quality of life (β=-0.288) (p<0.01) and a positive and significant relationship between ambivalence and depression (β=0.441), social support and quality of life (β=0.221), social support and adherence to treatment (β=0.249) (p<0.01). The mediating role of depression and social support variables was confirmed. Conclusion:Considering the mediating role of depression and social support in the relationship between ambivalence and quality of life and adherence to treatment, it is recommended in psychological therapies, in the first place, the variable of ambivalence to be examined and evaluated and the important role of mediating variables to be considered.
Background: Migraine is one of the main reasons for primary and secondary headaches worldwide and has significant effects on patients' life. Based on recent studies, psychological factors may affect the severity, frequency, and the duration of migraine attacks. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between defensive style and early maladaptive schemas in the patients with migraine headaches. Methods:The sample size consisted of 75 (male and female) patients which was based on Cochran's formula. Among the clients who referred to neurology clinics, patients with migraine headaches were selected by convenience sampling, they completed defensive styles questionnaire (DSQ-40), Young's early maladaptive schemas (YSQ-SF), and Ahvaz migraine questionnaire (AMQ). Statistical analyses were conducted by correlation coefficient and stepwise regression. Results:The results showed that there was a positive and significant relationship between immature defense style with the components including abandonment, mistrust, social isolation, emotional inhibition, defectiveness, failure, vulnerability, obedience, entitlement, insufficient self-control, enmeshment, and dependent and unrelenting standards. In addition, there was a negative and significant relationship between mature defensive style with the components namely social isolation and defectiveness. Neurotic defensive style was not compatible with any of the component schemas. Conclusions:The results obtained from the current research indicate that early maladaptive schemas can act as the foundation of emotional and behavioral tendencies and defensive styles in the patients with migraine headaches.
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