We studied social status, clinical and radiological manifestations, microbiological and immunological peculiarities in 26 latestage HIV infection patients with pulmonary TB and concomitant mycobacteriosis. They all had CD4+ lymphocyte counts less than 30 cells/μL of blood, did not receive antiretroviral therapy, and excreted both M. tuberculosis and nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM). Identification of NTM species was based on molecular genetic methods. We found M. avium complex in 84,6%, M. kansasii — in 7,7%, M. fortuitum — in 3,8% and M. xenopi — in 3,8% of the patients. The disease manifested 6–9 years after diagnosing HIV infection; it had pronounced intoxication syndrome, bronchopulmonary and extrapulmonary presentations and was accompanied by other opportunistic infections. Radiological studies revealed intrathoracic adenopathy, dissemination with predominant localization in the middle and lower lung departments, foci and small infiltrates with cavities; injury of interlobar and visceral pleura.
Aim of the study. Show the possibilities of diagnosing non - tuberculous mycobacteriosis of the lungs (NTML) in the practice of the pulmonologist. Materials and methods. A survey of 90 patients with a confirmed diagnosis of non - tuberculous mycobacteriosis of the lungs (NTML) was presented. The diagnosis of pulmonary mycobacteriosis was established in accordance with the criteria proposed in 2007 by the American Thoracic Society and the American Society of Infectious Diseases (ATS/IDRS). Among the patients, 55 (61.1%) women prevailed, the average age was 51.2±15.3 years. Patients were evaluated complaints, the presence of concomitant diseases of the lungs, was carried out computed tomography of the chest high - resolution (HRCT), a culture study of sputum, in the absence of sputum or a single determination of the NTM culture in it, a study was conducted on materials of bronchoalveolar washout (ALS/BAL), or lung biopsies. Statistical processing of the research results was performed using descriptive statistics using Microsoft® Excel for Windows xp® on a personal computer. Results and conclusion. As a result of the study, it was revealed that before the diagnosis of NTML was established, 66.7% of patients were long observed for chronic lung diseases (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, chronic bronchitis), and in 55.6% of cases (50 people) were registered with a phthisiologist about pulmonary tuberculosis. According to the CT scan of OGK, dissemination was determined in 66.7% of cases, in 48.9% - bronchiectasis, single or multiple destruction cavities - 46.7% of cases. In 72.2% of cases, non - tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) were found in sputum, in 33.3% - in ALS and in 22.2% of NTMs were found in the surgical material. In 14.4% of cases, only surgery allowed to establish the diagnosis of mycobacteriosis.
В статье в историческом аспекте представлены основные научные направления в работе детско-подросткового отдела ФГБНУ «ЦНИИТ» начиная с 1919 года. Представлены все руководители клиники, основные направления и достижения противотуберкулезной работы в каждом временном периоде. Подробно представлены современные направления противотуберкулезной работы. Освещены вопросы диагностики и дифференциальной диагностики, особенности лечения туберкулеза (ТБ), психологические, факторы этиопатогенеза ТБ и участие в этих научных разработках сотрудников клиники. Определены цели каждого из этих направлений и новые технологии, используемые для их достижения. Все направления научных исследований в детско-подростковой клинике института являются актуальными и перспективными во фтизиатрии детей и подростков, представляют интерес для научных сотрудников и практикующих врачей.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.