Abdelshaheed ME. Classification and clinical evaluation of ''spare parts'' procedures in mutilating hand injuries.
Background: Dapsone, as an antimicrobial compound, has shown strong anti-inflammatory properties in clinical and experimental studies. Inflammation in stomach mocusa produce gastric erosion. Several factors contribute to the development of gastric erosions, including corticosteroids and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), alcohol, and stress. The aim of this study, therefore, was to evaluate the effects of dapsone against gastric erosions-induced by alcohol, stress, or indomethacin in rat.Methods: Gastric damage was induced in male rats in different three experimental models including ethanol (5 ml/kg, p.o.)-, water-immersion stress-, and indomethacin (30 mg/kg, p.o.)- induced gastric injury. Macroscopic lesion scores (the J- score), inflammatory cytokines levels, NF-κB protein expression, MPO activity, and histopathological evaluation were assessed. Results: Induction of erosion in gastric mocusal led to a significant increase in J-score as an index of macroscopic parameter, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β) as biochemical markers, NF-κB and myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil activation, as well microscopic deterioration. Dapsone reduced the tissue injuries and erosion area, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines, the expression of NF-κB and tissue concentration of myeloperoxidase (a marker of neutrophil activation) in all three experimental groups. Furthermore, the histopathological studies revealed the reduction of damages in dapsone treated animals.Conclusions: To conclude, dapsone exhibits significant gastro-protective effects against the development of experimental gastric erosions in rats which seems to be related to its anti-inflammatory properties.
U SE of L-carnitine (L-c.) bears potentials of decreasing hyperlipidemia following fat diet feeding. 25 Animal (rabbits) were divided randomly into five groups . Normal group were kept on a plain chow diet for 75 days. HC classes were on a diet (hypercholesterolemic diet) for seventy-five days. Atorvastatin group were fed the same diet and received atorvastatin orally (20mg/kg/day) from day forty-five for thirty days. L-carnitine group were fed the same diet and intraperitoneal L-c. (250 mg/kg/day). Treatment group were fed the same diet and atorvastatin orally (l0 mg/kg/day) and L-carnitine intraperitoneally (125 mg/kg/day). Histology of aorta and biochemistry of serum were carried out. Foam cells with interrupted endothelial lining and transformed muscle fibers were observed in aorta wall in hypercholesterolaemic rabbits. Normal aorta wall was observed in rabbits of Atrovastatin and treatment groups. In rabbits of HC group triglyceride was significantly increased compared to that of other groups (P<0.05). The animals that received L-carnitine showed significantly reduced triglyceride (P<0.05). L-Carnitine reduces atherosclerotic plaques.
Background: Death due to coronary artery disease (CAD) is twice higher in men than women, and older men are more susceptible to the disease. Serum testosterone levels decrease with increasing age. Objectives: In this study, we aim to study the association between serum testosterone levels and Gensini scores in men. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 60 men above 40 years who had undergone coronary angiography. Thirty of them had normal coronary vessels, and 30 had coronary artery disease. For each group, the Gensini score was calculated. Results: Serum testosterone levels in the CAD group and the control group were 4.04 ± 2.56 and 5.59 ± 2.20 ng/mL, respectively (P < 0.05), and free testosterone levels in the CAD patients and the control groups were 7.32 ± 5.24 and 12.91 ± 3.27 pg/mL respectively (P < 0.001). Sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) levels in the CAD and the control groups were 28.88 ± 15.30 and 38.2 ± 19.9 nmol/mL, respectively (P = 0.04). Univariate analysis showed a significant association between Gensini score and total and free testosterone levels. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) showed that the cut-off point of 7.97 had a sensitivity of 73.3% and specificity of 90% in predicting a high Gensini score (AUC = 0.799, P < 0.001). Conclusions: Findings of our study demonstrated that serum free testosterone levels have a significant correlation with Gensini score and CAD severity.
Summary. Background: The role of tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) is double-natured and still controversial. Depending on different settings, macrophages may suppress or promote tumor growth. TAM density may be one of the predictive factors of treatment outcome in cancer patients. Aim: To evaluate the density of tumor-associated macrophages in breast cancer and its relationship with various histopathologic findings. Materials and Methods: 55 patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of breast who underwent mastectomy were enrolled. Sections of tumor samples were stained and the density of CD68+ cells was evaluated. Results: There was an association between estrogen receptor (ER) expression and CD68 density (p = 0.010) as the higher densities of CD68 were seen in ER negative tumors. Moreover, there was a significant relationship between histological grade and CD68 density (p = 0.006). Conclusion: The higher TAM density is associated with higher tumor grade and negative ER expression in breast cancer tissues. These findings revealed that inflammation could have an important role in malignancies.
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