Dadih, an Indonesia traditional fermented buffalo milk, is produced and consumed by the West Sumatra Minangkabau ethnic group of Indonesia that considered beneficial for human health. The objective of this study was to know nutrients composition and bacteriology characteristics of dadih that collected from Tanah Datar and Agam districs in West Sumatera province, Indonesia. This study initiated with analysis of biochemical of dadih covering protein, lipid, moisture value, ash content, pH, and titritable acidity. Bacteriology analysis have conducted to total bacterial and total Acid Lactic Bacterial quantification. In this study, we have found nutrients compositions of dadih are total percentage of protein, lipid, moisture value, ash content, pH, and titritable acidity of dadih from Tanah Datar respectively are 12.41±1.30, 5.70±1.73, 66.09±6.00, 0.72±0.13, 4.55±0.21, 0.51±0.56. Total percentage of protein, lipid, moisture value, ash content, pH, and titritable acidity of dadih from Agam respectively are 10.89±2.55, 18.00±14.65, 61.94±20.18, 1.14±0.79, 4.33±0.46, 1.70±0.21. Dadih from Tanah Datar contain 1.9 x 107 CFU/g BAL and 2.3 x 107 CFU/g total bacteria. Dadih from Agam contain 4.6 x 106 CFU/g BAL and 2.9 x 108 CFU/g total bacteria. There is not pathogenic bacteria in Dadiah Tanah Datar and Agam.

Ampana City, Tojo Una-Una Regency has the potential of marine tourism and the area also faces a serious threat from the litter that can affect aesthetic value, reduce the quality of waters, intervention to normal systems in the environment. Sampling to the beach in general representative locations in Malotong Beach (area of 100 x 25 m2), and Bailo Beach (100 x 10 m2). The sampling units in the transect plots are 5 plots covering 25 m2 (plot size 1 x 1 m2) randomly determined. The next procedures are the collection and classification of litter. The composition and density of the type of litter are distinguished for meso (0.5cm-2.5cm) and macro (> 2.5cm) litter. The results showed that the type and abundance of the litter that generally comes from recreational activities of beach visitors and household litter. In general, meso and macro litter were found in Malotong Beach as many as 25 types, and in Bailo Beach as many as 35 types. The presence of litter on the coast and the sea threatens life on the Coast of Ampana City. Today’s public awareness is needed to change habits and give more respect to their environment.

Background: The freshwater ichthyofauna of Wallacea is diverse and understudied. A baseline survey of Bolano Sau Lake in Parigi Moutong District, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia in 2019 found an eleotrid goby (local name payangka) with characters conforming to the genus Giuris, long considered monophyletic as G. margaritacea/G. margaritaceus but recently found to comprise at least eight species. This study focused on the molecular (DNA barcoding) identification and phenotypic characters of the payangka. Methods: Payangka samples were collected from August to December 2019 in collaboration with local fishermen, weighed and measured, and preserved in 75% ethanol. Length, weight, sex (n=111) and 17 morphometric characters/six meristic counts (n=42) were recorded. DNA barcoding was performed on a fin clipping preserved in 96% ethanol. Homologous nucleotide sequences were obtained from public (GenBank and BOLD) databases, analysis conducted in MEGA X, and phylogenetic trees edited in the Interactive Tree of Life (iToL). Results: Within the deeply divided Giuris clade, the payangka sequence resolved into a sub-clade identified as Giuris laglaizei (Sauvage 1880), a recently resurrected taxon, based on a sequence provided by Philippe Keith. The length-weight relationship (L = 0.0087∙W3.162) indicated mildly allometric positive growth. Size distribution differed significantly between male and female fish with significantly larger mean size of males (13.56 cm) than females (11.62 cm). The meristic formula was: D VI-I,8 A I,8 P 13 V I,5 C15. Phylogenetic analysis indicated four Giuris species in wetlands around Tomini Bay and five in Sulawesi. Conclusions: This first record of G. laglaizei in Indonesia advances knowledge of Wallacean and Indo-Pacific Gobiiformes biogeography and highlights the need for a revision of the conservation status of the taxa currently grouped under Giuris margaritacea/G. margaritaceus in the IUCN Red List and FishBase databases. The data will inform biodiversity and fisheries management at local and regional levels.

Pertumbuhan ikan nila jantan cenderung lebih cepat dibandingkan dengan ikan nila betina. Salah satu upaya untuk mempercepat pertumbuhan ikan nila yaitu dengan sex reversal. Sex reversal melalui maskulinisasi memungkinkan ikan betina berdiferensiasi menjadi ikan jantan. Air kelapa mengandung kalium (312 mg/100 g) berfungsi sebagai alternatif bahan alami pengganti hormon sintetis 17α- Methyltestosterone. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh konsentrasi air kelapa yang berbeda terhadap persentase kelamin jantan ikan nila yang dihasilkan melalui perendaman. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan yaitu Perlakuan A (kontrol), B (konsentrasi air kelapa 25%), C (konsentrasi air kelapa 35%) dan D (konsentrasi air kelapa 45%). Data dianalisis ragam (ANOVA) pada taraf kepercayaan 95% dengan uji lanjut Duncan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perendaman larva ikan nila dalam air kelapa berpengaruh nyata (α<0,05) terhadap persentase kelamin jantan denga persentase tertinggi pada konsentrasi 35% (86,87%).

Sea is a wealth of nature that contains a wide variety of resources, for living things. Marine health is an important thing that must be maintained for sustainable living. Marine Litter is a waste from land that goes into the sea and disrupts the ecosystems of marine health, especially materials that cannot decompose such as plastics, glass, and others. The purpose of this research was to determine the waste’s composition and density based on the type of material and to know the trend of type and concentration of marine litter. A sampling of marine litter at Baiya Beach followed the criteria according to the guidance survey of marine litter on the beach. Baiya Beach is located in Palu Bay and meets the criteria in the monitoring of marine litter. The results obtained, there were 10 meso types of wastes (0.5-2.5 cm) that dominated by woods, plastics, and glasses & ceramics with density of 57.83 pieces m−2, 20.79 pieces m−2, 19.90 pieces m−2 respectively, while the macro type (>2.5cm) contained 25 types that dominated by plastic, wood, and other materials (sanitary) with a density respectively of 9.72 piece m−2, 3.40 piece m−2, 160.32 piece m−2. These results showed that the type and quantity of litter are generally derived from human activity.

Ikan gurame (Oshpronemus gouramy Lac. 1801) merupakan ikan asli Indonesia yang memiliki pangsa pasar tinggi dengan harga relatif mahal. Salah satu kendala yang biasa dihadapi dalam budidaya ikan gurame adalah pertumbuhannya yang lambat. Cacing sutera (Tubifex sp.) merupakan salah satu jenis pakan alami dengan sumber protein tinggi untuk menopang percepatan pertumbuhan ikan gurame. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pertumbuhan bobot mutlak dan kelangsungan hidup benih ikan gurame yang diberi cacing sutera dengan dosis berbeda. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 4 perlakuan dan 5 ulangan. Pemberian cacing sutera pada Perlakuan 1 (P1) sebesar 10%, Perlakuan 2 (P2) 15%, Perlakuan 3 (P3) 20% dan Perlakuan 4 (P4) 25% dari bobot biomassa. Hasil analisis ragam (ANOVA) menunjukkan bahwa pemberian cacing sutera dengan dosis yang berbeda memberikan hasil yang berbeda nyata (P<0,05) terhadap pertumbuhan bobot mutlak. Dimana, perlakuan 4 menunjukkan pertumbuhan bobot mutlak tertinggi yaitu 0,0444 g. Sedangkan, parameter kelangsungan hidup menunjukkan hasil yang tidak berbeda nyata (P>0,05).

Background: The freshwater ichthyofauna of Wallacea is diverse and understudied. A baseline survey of Bolano Sau Lake in Parigi Moutong District, Central Sulawesi Province, Indonesia in 2019 found an eleotrid goby (local name payangka) with characters conforming to the genus Giuris, long considered monophyletic as G. margaritacea/G. margaritaceus but recently found to comprise at least eight species. This study focused on the molecular (DNA barcoding) identification and phenotypic characters of the payangka. Methods: Payangka samples were collected from August to December 2019 in collaboration with local fishermen, weighed and measured, and preserved in 75% ethanol. Length, weight, sex (n=111) and seventeen morphometric characters/six meristic counts (n=42) were recorded. DNA barcoding was performed on a fin clipping preserved in 96% ethanol. Homologous nucleotide sequences were obtained from public (GenBank and BOLD) databases, analysis conducted in MEGA X, and phylogenetic trees edited in the Interactive Tree of Life (iToL). Results: Within the polyphyletic Giuris clade, the payangka sequence resolved into a sub-clade identified as Giuris laglaizei (Sauvage 1880), a recently resurrected taxon, based on a sequence provided by Philippe Keith. The length-weight relationship (L = 0.0087∙W3.162) indicated mildly allometric positive growth. Size distribution differed significantly between male and female fish with significantly larger mean size of males (13.56 cm) than females (11.62 cm). The meristic formula was: D VI-I,8 A I,8 P 13 V I,5 C15. Phylogenic analysis indicated four Giuris species in wetlands around Tomini Bay and five in Sulawesi. Conclusions: This first record of G. laglaizei in Indonesia advances knowledge of Wallacean and Indo-Pacific gobioid biogeography and highlights the need for a revision of the conservation status of the taxa currently grouped under Giuris margaritacea/G. margaritaceus in the IUCN Red List and FishBase databases. The data will inform biodiversity and fisheries management at local and regional levels.

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