The article discusses the process of sediment transport in channels under the influence of wind waves on the course. Based on the calculation method Quick M.C. dependences are proposed for calculating sediment transport in channels when waves are superimposed on associated and counter-current flows. The movement of sediments caused by the combined action of waves and currents is studied. It is shown that the direction of the movement of sediments is determined mainly by the direction of wave propagation (even in the case of a counter-current). Here the consumption of sediments is proportional to the power of the “wave flow” system. Comparing the results of the calculation with the dependencies of other authors gives satisfactory results.
Estimation of aggressiveness of filtration flow in the dam body is gaining importance in providing the stability of reservoir dam and its parts. In order to estimate the aggressiveness of filtration flow in the dam body it is necessary to know the movement pattern of filtration water in reservoir dam and its effect on dam elements. The article brings up the definition of gradients of filtration flow in the dam body, analysis of the reasons of their change by cross section at the example of Tashkent reservoir dam. Besides, chemical composition of water in piezometers has been analyzed, aggressive effect of sulfate salts on piezometers, and their corrosion have been determined. Measures on systematic piezometer observations are mentioned.
This article includes the analytical assessment of the durability and remaining life of the I-st category reinforced concrete structures by the fracture mechanics approaches, the prediction is based on the consideration of temporal changes in the structural features of a particular type of concrete. The main purpose of this work is to determine the durability of reinforced concrete structures and the remaining life of the spillway and components in the implemented modes and operating conditions that ensure their safe operation and environmental protection. When predicting the durability of the spillway reinforced concrete structures, each structure is considered as a component of the structure behavior scheme. The result of the durability predictions is presented in years, which can eventually determine the remaining life of the structural component of spillway.
In the given article the design of service life for hydraulic structure reinforced concrete elements has been performed analytically with the use of the basic techniques and by constructing reinforced structure protective layer carbonization models, mathematic modelling methods for physical processes. The main goal of the work is to determine the service life for reinforced concrete structures of spillways and its elements under impact of the environment during their operation.
The design, construction and operation of high earth dams in seismic regions of the republic require continuous improvement of the methods to calculate them on basic loads and special combinations of them, including seismic ones. The aim of this work is to improve the calculation methods for earth dams, taking into account the real physical and mechanical characteristics of structure and its foundation soil under various types of loads. Improved calculation methods make it possible to predict the stress-strain state of the most vulnerable points in the dam, which will lead to a reliable and safe operation of earth dams in seismic zones.
The given method uses the safety coefficient by service life period and similar principles as for stochastic method. Moreover, the problem of forecasting the safety is examined in a deterministic form. The given option for the solution is compact in terms of design on an applied level in the format of the boundary conditions method, keeping the efficient control of safety within the service life period. This method has the advantage to design reinforced concrete structures for specified service life period. The proposed method is also applicable for the design of reinforced concrete elements of hydraulic structures in cases when the application of the other stochastic methods would be very complicated. The advantage of the given method is allowing including the stochastic nature of loading parameters and material strength.
The article describes the definition of filtration flow gradients in the dam's body on the example of the Kattakurgan reservoir, the analysis of the reasons for their change in cross-section. Evaluation of the aggressiveness of the filtration flow in the dam's body plays an important role in ensuring the stability of the reservoir dam and its parts. To assess the aggressiveness of the filtration flow in the dam's body, it is necessary to know the action pattern of the filtration water in the reservoir dam and its effect on the elements of the dam. In addition, the chemical composition of the water in the piezometers was analyzed in the laboratory to determine the aggressive effect of sulfate elements on the piezometers and their corrosion. Measures on the observations of systemic piezometers were also mentioned.
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