BOUT ONE THIRD OF HUMAN IMmunodeficiency virus (HIV)infected patients in Europe and the United States are also infected by hepatitis C virus (HCV) while 5% to 10% of HCV-infected patients are also infected by HIV. 1,2 Human immunodeficiency virus coinfection accelerates the progression of HCV infection, which is now a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among HIVinfected individuals. 3-7 The treatment of chronic HCV infection was transformed in the 1990s by the advent of the interferonribavirin combination and was further improved with the use of pegylated interferon (peginterferon), in which a polyethylene glycol molecule is added to standard interferon, yielding a longer For editorial comment see p 2909.

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Background: Mutations in the epidermal growth factor receptor ( EGFR) gene are commonly observed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), particularly in adenocarcinoma histology. The frequency of EGFR mutations is ethnicity-dependent, with a higher proportion reported in Asian populations than Caucasian populations. There is a lack of data on these mutations in north Africa. Methods: Tumor specimens from Moroccan patients with NSCLC were collected from five pathology laboratories between November 2010 and December 2017 to determine frequency and types of EGFR mutations. Tumors were tested in a reference center for EGFR by polymerase chain reaction and sequencing of exons 18, 19, 20, and 21. Results: A total of 334 patients were enrolled: 242 (72.5%) males and 92 females (27.5%). A total of 56.9% had a history of smoking. EGFR testing of the 334 lung adenocarcinoma samples demonstrated a wild-type EGFR in 261 (78.1%) and mutated EGFR in 73 (21.9%). Mutations were mainly detected in the exon 19 deletion (65.8%), followed by exon 21 L858 (17.8%) and other exon 21 codon mutations (5.5%) and exon 18 (6.8%), whereas primary mutations of exon 20 were less frequent (4.1%). In patients with advanced NSCLC, the detection of EGFR mutation was independently associated with sex (41.3% female vs 14.5% male; p < 0.001) and smoking status (34.8% nonsmokers vs 12.9% active smokers; p < 0.001). The mean age was significantly different between the two groups ( p = 0.041). Conclusion: Our findings confirm the genetic heterogeneity of NSCLC worldwide, reporting frequency of EGFR mutations in Moroccan patients with NSCLC between those of Asian and Caucasian populations.

Key Clinical MessageEccrine spiradenoma is a benign and rare adnexal tumor originating from cutaneous eccrine sweat glands. It usually presents as a solitary lesion. It can have different presentations, including a blaschkoid arrangement which is rare. Malignant transformation is possible and usually occurs after a long period of latency in multifocal types.

Well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum (WDPMP) is a rare subtype of epithelioid mesothelioma, which is usually seen in young women without a history of asbestos exposure, and generally, has an indolent course. The relative rarity of this neoplasm in males prompted us to report this case of a well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum in a 36-year-old man.The patient, who had no history of asbestos exposure, presented with abdominal pain and ascites of unknown etiology. Computed tomography showed abundant ascites with nodules of the peritoneal cavity. Laparoscopic examination revealed a large number of white miliary nodules diffusely covering the peritoneum. Pathology revealed a diagnosis of well-differentiated papillary mesothelioma of the peritoneum, based on histomorphology and immunohistochemistry. The patient started chemotherapy with cisplatin and pemetrexed. After six cycles of chemotherapy, the effectiveness of this chemotherapy was checked by only the computed tomography. PET scan was not used because it is not routinely recommended in WDPMP. Few data are currently available in the literature regarding the performance of the PET scan in WDPMP. Nine months later, the patient was free of symptoms.Based on reviewing the literature and our observations in this case, consultation of other pathologists is highly recommended to discern WDPMP from other disseminated peritoneal diseases, in order to offer the most effective and safe therapeutic strategy. Chemotherapy should be strongly considered if the tumor is unresectable and accompanied by symptoms. Cisplatin and pemetrexed chemotherapy could be a promising therapeutic choice.