In this study, the journey of existence of medieval, Renaissance and Turkish-Islamic civilizations in the process of becoming a science is discussed comparatively. In order to understand the development of psychology in the scientific framework, it is necessary to understand the history of thought from ancient times. The philosophical formations, approaches and perspectives of the ancient Greek period have led the thinkers and scientists who grew up in European and Turkish Islamic societies as a compass. Of course, it is not the right method to limit the approaches on this subject to the teachings of Ancient Greek philosophy. Ancient Egyptian, Babylonian, Sumerian and Hittite science and philosophical approaches also play an important role in forming the ground. In this research, the elements that are effective in the birth and development of psychology and the stages of development in different societies are examined. Knowing how many factors such as philosophical tendencies, religion and cultural dimension affect the point of view of psychology and its reflections is important for understanding this discipline.
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