Objective: Assess the severity/levels of halitosis among the patient with malodor by using organoleptic technique and to compare the halitosis by organoleptics measurement and halitosis instrument/bad breath tester (Tanita © ).Materials and methods: A total 320 study population was considered for study and the age ranged from 20-60 years. Halitosis is measured by organoleptic method by two different examiner and also used halitosis instrument/bad breath tester (Tanita © ) with scoring criteria. For data collection preformed, closed ended Questionnaire was used...Statistical analyses were used: chi square test.Result: Out of 320, 29 (0.09%) subjets was recorded with no halitosis. While comparing of data of organoleptic method and instrument/bad breath tester (Tanita © ) sensitivity and specificity are 41.1% and 53.3 % respectively.ROC curve is 0.473 Conclusion:The organoleptic method is more effective as compared halitosis instrument for detection of halitosis.

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Introduction: Oral health is considered to be a mirror of systemic health and vice-versa. Medical professionals are considered to be the primary caregivers in a given population and as such a vast majority of the population visits them for health-related problems. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the level of knowledge and awareness of dentistry among first-year medical students, residents, and medical practitioners. Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was carried out to assess the knowledge and awareness of dentistry among MBBS first-year students, medical residents, and medical practitioners of Bhairahawa city, Nepal. Data analysis was done with SPSS version 11. Results: As per the demographic characteristics out of 147 subjects 82 (55.8%) were male and 65 (44.2%) were female. Most of the participants were from the age group of 21–30 years, 66 (44.9%) and 115 (78.2%) of them were married. Among 147 subjects every respondent (100%) knew about the profession of dentistry giving statistically significant results. Conclusion: The present study shows that medical professionals had better knowledge of dentistry as compared to medical students and residents. This unnecessary gap between dental and medical professionals can only be fulfilled by including dental education in both undergraduate and postgraduate medical curriculum.

Objective To assess the periodontal status among the leather factory workers in Dewas and to provide a baseline data for the oral health care and promotion programs. Materials and Methods A total of 850 study population was considered for examination, and the age ranged from 20 to 60 years. All those factory workers with low socioeconomic status and poor background were considered. The data were collected by means modified World Health Organization (WHO) Oral Health Assessment 1997 Performa and clinical examination with the use of the Community Periodontal Index (CPI). Statistical analyses were used: chi-squared test, Mann–Whitney U test, and Kruskal–Wallis test. Results The sociodemographic characteristics were found to be significantly associated with the periodontal status in the study population (p ≤ 0.05). Mean number of loss of attachment (LOA) 0 sextants was 3.55 ± 2.35, LOA 1 was 0.935 ± 1.3, LOA 2 was 0.414 ± 0.8, LOA 3 was 0.529 ± 0.94, and LOA 4 was 1.24 ± 0.04; all the parameters showed statistically significant difference (p=0.001) except LOA 1 and LOA 2. Conclusion The periodontal health status of the factory workers is poor. Factors associated with high prevalence of periodontal disease could be the following: a high rate of tobacco consumption and not cleaning their teeth at all along with other associated factors like stress, poor oral hygiene, etc.

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