Background: The live microorganisms that present in food in addition dietary supplements called Probiotics they have beneficial effect in the human intestine. In the last years, Probiotics has become within treatment options for several disease included immune system. The advent and use of probiotics seem to be increasing day by day all over the world. Objective: The current study included detection of efficacy Pediococcus acidilactici as immunomodulatory in mice that treated with cyclophosphamide. Design: To detect efficacy of Pediococcus acidilactici as immunosuppressive model was used. This model was completed by taking 20 male BALB/C mice with six-weeks old to divide into (5) groups :(G 1) group is the normal control. (G2) group: the group that injected with cyclophosphamide. (G3) group: the immunosuppression plus Pediococcus acidilactici (6×108 CFU/ml). (G4) group: the immunosuppression plus Pediococcus acidilactici (6×104 CFU/ml). last (G5) group : is the group that treated with probiotics. Results: In the current study, thymus and spleen indicators were significantly higher in treated groups than those of (G1) group (NC) with (0.323±0.34) (P<0.05), also Macrophages phagocytosis showed a clear increase in the three treated groups (76.625±108, 72.125±1.65, 87.750±1.32) respectively with significantly (P<0.05), as a compared with (G1) group (NC). Conclusions: The current study reveals the ability of Pediococcus acidilactici (6×109) CFU/ml to accelerate the healing of cyclophosphamide immunosuppressive mice. So, the activity role of probiotic strain as immunomodulator in this study leads us to urge the use it as an alternative treatment for chemical drugs that used against immunosuppression.
Objective: The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of Artemisia extract on some immunological parameters in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice. Methods: After preparation of Artemisia extract, many chemical tests were used to identify the type of element and compounds presented in this plant using many chemical techniques. Thirty five streptozocin (STZ) induced diabetes mice were divided in to 5 groups; the first group provided only with water, the other four groups were consumed orally ingested the plant extract in four different concentration (2000, 1000, 500,250) mg/Kg of body weight. Another 10 mice didn’t injected with STZ were divided in to two groups; one consumed Artemisia (Art group), and the second consumed only normal saline (Cont. group). After 14 days of diabetes induction and Artemisia extract treatment, the mice were sacrificed. Blood and tissue (brain, spleen and kidney) were collected. Fasting blood sugar and insulin levels were determine in the serum. Furthermore Tumor Necrosis Factor- alpha (TNF- α) and Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels were determined in the serum and aliquots of homogenize tissues. Results: Results declared that the extract of Artemisia fruit contains high levels of active compounds especially antioxidant compounds. IL-6 and TNF-α levels were decreased while insulin and glucose levels were increased in the STZ- induce mice group. Artemisia extract effects differently on glucose and insulin levels depend on its concentration. Interestingly, IL-6 and TNF-α levels increase in serum, brain and spleen of the STZ-induce mice group consumed different concentration of Artemisia but it normalized in the STZ-induce mice group consumed 250 mg/kg Artemisia, as well as insulin and glucose levels for the same group, while there was no difference in kidney. Conclusion: Artemisia can control diabetes in 1000 and 500mg/Kg through controlling insulin level, and in the other hand, using the plant extract in 250mg/Kg ,acts as immune modulator for anti-inflammatory agents IL-6 and TNF-α.
The present study was carried out to detect the active constitutions extracted from Rosmarinus oficinalis leaves by 70% methanol, the dried weight of aqueous extract (F1) were 12%(w:w) contain polyphenols represented by phenols, flavonoids and coumarins as a major compounds , while the dried weight of organic extract, [chloroform(F2)] was 2.8%(w:w) represented as terpenoids, tannins and coumarins detected by qualitative chemical analysis. Antimicrobial activity of Polyphenols and terpenoids were tested against four pathogenic bacteria isolates including: Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus ,which grown on Mueller Hinton agar (MHA) plates and then treated with different concentrations of rosemary extract (F1) and (F2) ranged from 0.15-1.2mg/ml, the results revealed that the higher inhibition zone obtained by F1 were 35mm in S. aureus, 24mm in B. cereus and lowest inhibition were 16mm in E. coli and P. aeruginosa at concentration 1.2mg/ml, and the inhibition were depends on extract concentrations. The MIC value of F1 was 600 µg/ml against S. aureus, 1200 µg/ml against B. cereus and 2400 µg/ml against E. coli and P. aeruginosa, while the MICS values of F2 were 2400 µg/ml against S. aureus and P. aeruginosa, and 4800 µg/ml against E. coli and B. cereus. Furthermore calculating index fractional inhibitory concentration (∑FIC) of rosemary extracts (F1 or/and F2), the ∑FICA ranged from synergistic to additional on E. coli and P. aeruginosa respectively, antagonistic on S. aueras and B. cereus, while the ∑FICB index showed synergistic effects on all tested organisms except the additional effect on P. aeurginosa on the basis of resultant zone of inhibition. The anticancer effects of (F1) were used on three cell lines, human larynx epidermoid carcinoma (Hep-2), mammary adenocarcinoma (AMN-3), rhabdomyosarcoma (RD) and one normal cell line, Rat embryo fibroblast (REF) at different concentrations ranged from 62.5-1000 µg/ml. The highest inhibition rate (IR) was 82.41%, 85% on RD, 52.62%, 75.48% on Hep2, 39.14% and 49.75% on AMN-3 at concentrations 500 and 1000µg/ml after 72h exposure time respectively, while IR of Ref cell line exhibit low inhibition rate ranging from 5.8 to 15.7% after 72h in the same conditions.
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