The aims of the present study were to determine uterine, vaginal and placental blood flows by Doppler ultrasound cross‐buffalo gestation and to evaluate the relationships among reproductive Doppler parameters and serum metabolic parameters as well as oxidative stress. Uterine (UA) and vaginal (VA) arteries were scanned every month, and placentome was scanned from month 4 till 8 in gestation. Time‐averaged maximum velocity (TAMV), pulsatility index (PI), resistance index (RI), systolic/diastolic ratio (SD) and arterial diameter (AD) were used for accessing UA and VA hemodynamics. Time‐averaged maximum velocity positively correlated with and AD, and both negatively correlated with their PI, RI and SD in UA and VA. TAMV and AD increased constantly in pregnancy, with maximum increase in months 4 and 9. Pulsatility index, RI and AD of UA decreased between months 4 and 9, while PI, RI and AD of VA decreased between months 5 and 9 and then increased in month 10 in pregnancy. Time‐averaged maximum velocity of placentome blood flow increased exponentially from months 4 to 8, but decreased at the last two months in pregnancy. Serum lipids were significantly higher in the first month compared to all other months, while glucose was significantly lower in months 9 and 10. Malondialdehyde increased from month 3 till term, but peaked in month 5 and 10. Glutathione and catalase were highest in the first month and remained after. Time‐averaged maximum velocity and AD for both UA and VA negatively correlated with serum lipids, glucose, catalase and glutathione, while positively correlated with malondialdehyde and total protein. Thus, increases in uterine blood flow (UtBF), vaginal blood flow (VaBF) and placental blood flow (PaBF) are associated with increased metabolism and oxidative stress in buffalo pregnancy.
This prospective study was designed to investigate the effects of maternal temperament on uterine blood flow, fetal heart rate, gestational length, and fetal birth weight in a goat experimental model. Based on the arena test, behavioral testing related to fear‐eliciting stimulus, goats were divided into nervous (n = 13) and calm (n = 11) groups. After mating, the perfusion of maternal uterine arteries (UTAs) and its related Doppler parameters, blood flow volume (BFV), time‐averaged mean velocity (TAMEANV), acceleration (Acce), and resistance impedance (S/D), were evaluated biweekly from week two until the end of pregnancy. Fetal heart rate (FHR) was investigated during the pregnancy in addition to the gestation length (GL) and fetal birth weight (FBW). The UTA‐BFV and TAMEANV, as well as Acce and S/D, were influenced by maternal temperament (p < .05). The FHR showed no significant changes between experimental animals of different temperaments (p = .81). Both GL and FBW were increased in calm rather than nervous goats (p < .05). These results indicated that the maternal nervous (temperament) have negative impacts on uterine artery Doppler indices, fetal growth, and gestational length in a goat experimental model.
A B S T R A C TThe present study aimed at evaluating the effect of single over-dose of PGF 2α on postpartum anestrus due to retained corpus luteum in dairy cows. A total of 40 dairy cows, 3-8 years old and 1-6 parities used in these study, were assigned into two comparable groups; control group of 20 cows were injected by 500µg from PGF 2α and over-dose group of 20 cows were injected by 750 µg from PGF 2α i.m. The obtained results indicated the presence of a significant increase in the heat response (85 vs. 65%), decrease in the time elapsed from treatment to heat (2.47 vs. 4.53 days) and the serum progesterone level, 24 hrs. and 48 hrs. after treatment, in the over-dose group than that in the control; there was a nonsignificance difference in the number of service per conception and the conception rate between both groups.
The present study aimed to improving the conception rate in Egyptian buffaloes during hot summer season via increasing the number of buffaloes that are service by implementing the fixed-time natural service protocol of ovsynch without the need of estrus detection with or without injection of antioxidant (vit E+Sel). A total of 40 buffalo cows suffering from postpartum anoestrus for 4-6 months with inactive ovaries, 3-8 years old and 1-6 parities were used. Animals were divided into four comparable groups, each group of 10 buffalo cows, and treated by GPG-GS, GPG-VS, GPG-S and GPG-W protocols of fixed time service. The conception rate was 70, 50, 30 and 70% for GPG-GS, GPG-VS, GPG-S and GPG-W, respectively. Also, the present study did not reveal any significant difference in concentration of serum progesterone between different groups on days 0, 7 and 9 before natural service, but the difference appeared more prominent on days 8 and 18 after natual service. From the present study, it can be concluded that the GPG protocol of fixed time service induces more obvious improvement in the conception rate of buffaloes with the reinjection of GnRH on the day 8 after natural service during the summer months and without reinjection of GnRH during the winter months; injection of Vit.E-Selenium induces little improvement the conception rate when compared to the non-injected group.
Background and rationale: Pregnant women exposed to even low levels of environmental lead and cadmium may experience adverse perinatal effects. Aim of the work: The aim of the present study was to search for any relation between the environmental exposure to lead and cadmium and spontaneous abortion and, to emphasize the truth about the antioxidants and their relation as a mechanism for such relation if present. Subjects and methods: 38 women were included in this study. They were divided into 2 groups: Group I: Included 14 normal pregnant women (control group). Group II: Included 24 women with spontaneous abortion (cases). All women were in their first trimester. The following investigations were performed for every woman: lead, cadmium and serum zinc, serum vitamin C, Serum glutathione and serum malondialdehyde levels. Results: Cases had statistically significant higher blood lead, cadmium levels and malondialdehyde level and, statistically significant lower serum zinc, vitamin C and glutathione levels than controls. Conclusion and Recommendations: The obtained results indicate that spontaneous abortion is accompanied by a profound disruption of the prooxidant-antioxidant homeostasis towards oxidative stress. Increased free radical activity produced by environmental exposure to lead and cadmium has been implicated in the pathogenesis of spontaneous abortion. Industrial areas have been accused as environmentally polluted with both lead and cadmium.
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