Introduction. The coverage of sanitation and access to safe drinking water in Ethiopia especially in Wolaita Sodo town are not well studied. Therefore, the main objective of this study was estimating access to drinking water supply, sanitation, and hygiene facilities in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia, in reference to national coverage. Methods. A community based cross-sectional study design method was employed in the study in 588 households of Wolaita Sodo town inhabitants. Face-to-face interview to household owners, in-depth interview to key informants, reviewing secondary data, and observational check lists were used to collect data. Districts were selected using simple random sampling techniques, while systematic random sampling technique was applied to select households. Data was analyzed using Epi Info version 3.5.4 and SPSS version 16 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were carried out. Results. The community has access to improved water supply which was estimated to be 67.9%. The main water sources of the town were tap water within the yard, which was estimated to be 44.7%, and tap water in the community was 40.0% followed by private protected well which was 14.5%. Ninety-one percent of the households had at least one type of latrine in their homes. The most common type of latrine available to households was pit latrine with superstructure which was estimated to be 75.9% followed by a pit without superstructure, 21.3%, and more than half of the respondents had hand washing facilities in their compound. Occupational status, educational status, and training on water, sanitation, and hygiene related topics were significantly associated with use of improved water source, improved sanitation, and hygiene facilities. Conclusion. In order to address the demand of the town, additional water, sanitation, and hygiene programs are required.
Background: Diarrhea and respiratory infections are respectively the leading causes of childhood mortality globally. Hand washing at schools with soap could substantially reduce diarrhea and respiratory infections among school-age children, however in developing countries it is still being practiced to a very low extent in particular critical moments such as before eating and after using sanitation facilities including toilet. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to determine the level of hand washing practice and associated factors among primary school children in Damot Woide Woreda, Wolaita zone, South Ethiopia.Methods: School based cross sectional study was conducted from January, 2018-February, 2018 using multistage cluster sampling technique and 580 students from six primary schools of grade 5-8 were included in the study and simple random sampling was employed to select study participants. Data was collected by using interviewer administered structured and pre-tested questionnaires by trained data collectors. Data entered in to Epi Data version 3.1 and exported into SPSSv20 for analysis. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used.Result: Twenty eight point one percent (28.10% of [95% CI: 24.5-31.7]) students had practiced proper hand washing. The multivariate model depicted that being grade 8th[AOR =3.44, 95% CI:1.52, 8.23], urban residence[AOR =18.84, 95% CI:14.02,23.29], having parents [AOR = 10.74; 95% CI 8.80 to 12.36], teachers as a role models [AOR =6.45; 95% CI 5.52 to 8.99] and health professionals as a role models [AOR = 9.62; 95% CI 2.70 to 14.19], and presence of hand washing facility in school [OR =3.84, 95% CI:3.60, 4.07] were found to be significantly associated with proper hand washing practice. Conclusion: Proper hand washing practice among school children was found to be low. Therefore, promoting and enhancing hand washing practices and preparing hand-washing facilities in schools is mandatory to addressing the gap on hand washing practice among primary school students in the study area.
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