Estimating Access to Drinking Water Supply, Sanitation, and Hygiene Facilities in Wolaita Sodo Town, Southern Ethiopia, in Reference to National Coverage

Abstract

Introduction. The coverage of sanitation and access to safe drinking water in Ethiopia especially in Wolaita Sodo town are not well studied. Therefore, the main objective of this study was estimating access to drinking water supply, sanitation, and hygiene facilities in Wolaita Sodo town, southern Ethiopia, in reference to national coverage. Methods. A community based cross-sectional study design method was employed in the study in 588 households of Wolaita Sodo town inhabitants. Face-to-face interview to household owners, in-depth interview to key informants, reviewing secondary data, and observational check lists were used to collect data. Districts were selected using simple random sampling techniques, while systematic random sampling technique was applied to select households. Data was analyzed using Epi Info version 3.5.4 and SPSS version 16 statistical software. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analysis were carried out. Results. The community has access to improved water supply which was estimated to be 67.9%. The main water sources of the town were tap water within the yard, which was estimated to be 44.7%, and tap water in the community was 40.0% followed by private protected well which was 14.5%. Ninety-one percent of the households had at least one type of latrine in their homes. The most common type of latrine available to households was pit latrine with superstructure which was estimated to be 75.9% followed by a pit without superstructure, 21.3%, and more than half of the respondents had hand washing facilities in their compound. Occupational status, educational status, and training on water, sanitation, and hygiene related topics were significantly associated with use of improved water source, improved sanitation, and hygiene facilities. Conclusion. In order to address the demand of the town, additional water, sanitation, and hygiene programs are required.

Estimating access to drinking water supply in Farta district rural community, Amhara Region, North Central Ethiopia, 2017: a community based cross-sectional study

“…This is lower than the study done in Wolaita town 28.5% of the respondents had used chemical disinfection. 23 The study showed that there was a higher water treatment practice in the HH level as compared to EDHS 2005 Report, at which only 8% of the HHs treat water at HH prior to drinking. 27 The result of this study revealed that only 7.7% of the HH use ≥20 litre per capita per day water consumption.…”

“…The physical access of water to the HHs was 74.5% which is higher with study done in Wolaita town (67.9%). 23 This might be the difference of measurement of coverage of water supply that means in the current study we use 1.5km since it is rural community but in Wolaita town access is measured with in 1km radius. The current study was lower than the EDHS 2011 report, 94.5%.…”

“…Above 28.5 % of the respondents had used chemical disinfection for homemade water treatment. 23 A clear understanding of access to safe water is critical to design effective water use strategies. In investigating these issues, researchers have focused on water demand in urban areas.…”

A Cross-sectional Investigation of Latrine and Pure Water Coverage and Related Factors Among Residence of Negele town, Arsi zone, Southeast Ethiopia

“…These lower formal educational levels might in uence the sanitation awareness of the respondents although other sources of knowledge are there. Educational status were signi cantly associated with use of improved water source and sanitation [8,2]. Individuals with High school completed or above educational level demonstrated better latrine utilization than those without formal education [12].…”

“…[7] reported a 58.4% latrine coverage for Bahir Dar Zuria District, north western Ethiopia. [8] also reported that about 68% and 95% of the inhabitants of Wolaita Sodo Town (Southern Ethiopia) had access to improved water supply and latrine, respectively. According to [19], 31.2% of respondents of Gonji Kolela Woreda in West Gojjam Zone, northwestern Ethiopia were using either river or unprotected spring for their domestic consumption [9] indicated the possession of latrine by 89% of households in Diretiyara, Eastern Ethiopia.…”