Direct air capture (DAC) removes CO2 from the atmosphere and can therefore address sizable nonpoint sources emissions of CO2 such as those from transportation. We propose a five-step temperature vacuum swing adsorption process for direct air capture using solid adsorbents coated as films on monolithic contactors using steam as the stripping agent during desorption. We perform a modeling study and economic assessment for DAC using two metal organic frameworks, MIL-101­(Cr)-PEI-800 and mmen-Mg2(dobpdc), for which we have experimentally demonstrated film growth on monolith structures. The results indicate minimum energy requirements, and cost estimates are 0.145 MJ/mol-CO2 and $75–140/t-CO2 for MIL-101­(Cr)-PEI-800, and 0.113 MJ/mol-CO2 and $60–190/t-CO2 for mmen-Mg2(dobpdc), respectively. The overall DAC cost is sensitive to adsorbent purchase cost and lifetime as well as cycle parameters such as adsorption and desorption times. We conclude that mmen-Mg2(dobpdc) has better performance compared to MIL-101­(Cr)-PEI-800 in terms of energy requirements because of its higher capacity and nonlinear isotherm.

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Recent advances in adsorptive gas separations have focused on the development of porous materials with high operating capacity and selectivity, useful parameters that provide early guidance during the development of new materials. Although this material-focused work is necessary to advance the state of the art in adsorption science and engineering, a substantial problem remains: how to integrate these materials into a fixed bed to efficiently utilize the separation. Structured sorbent contactors can help manage kinetic and engineering factors associated with the separation, including pressure drop, sorption enthalpy effects, and external heat integration (for temperature swing adsorption, or TSA). In this review, we discuss monoliths and fiber sorbents as the two main classes of structured sorbent contactors; recent developments in their manufacture; advantages and disadvantages of each structure relative to each other and to pellet packed beds; recent developments in system modeling; and finally, critical needs in this area of research.

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Direct Air Capture (DAC) can help in reduction of atmospheric CO 2 levels by capturing CO 2 from disperse emission sources. We analyze DAC process through solid adsorbent and perform comprehensive energy and techno-economic analysis for different parametric scenarios. The parameters are varied such that it reflects list of possible cases of DAC solid adsorbent systems ranging from worst case to best case situations. A mid-range estimate has also been analyzed which considers the parameter values feasible with the current state of the art. The modeling results for the mid-range estimate indicate that the cost of DAC lies between $86 -221 per tCO 2 , the thermal energy range varies from 3.4-4.8 GJ per tCO 2 captured and the electrical energy range varies from 0.55 -1.12 GJ per tCO 2 captured. For the best and worst case scenarios, the cost of DAC ranges from $14 -1065 per tCO2, thermal energy ranges from 1.85 -19.30 per tCO 2 captured and the electrical energy ranges from 0.08 -3.79 GJ per tCO 2 captured. Flux and This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This is the author manuscript accepted for publication and has undergone full peer review but has not been through the copyediting, typesetting, pagination and proofreading process, which may lead to differences between this version and the Version of Record. Please cite this article as

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