By using the wet precipitation method, Biphasic calcium phosphate granules were synthesized with Ca/P ratio1.52 and controlled porosity, pore size distribution, and granule size. Microporosity was then obtained by adjusting sintering temperature while macroporosity was prepared by adding 1:3 wt% ratio of two normally used porogens (naphthalene and sugar) and 2 newly introduced porogens (sago and lentil). Samples from each ratio were pressed into pellets and were fired at 500ºC for 2 hours with 0.5°C/minute heating rate (for removal of porogens) and further sintered at 850°C for 2 hours with 5°C/minute before cooling down to room temperature. The granules were prepared by crushing and sieving BCP sintered pellets to get granules of sizes ranging from 250-500μm. X-rays diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), particle size and porosity analyses were employed in order to characterize the granules. A round to oval shape pores with 200-400 μm size were obtained and identical to the prepared porogens’ particle size. This approach gives the desirable properties near to normal bone leading to a perfect osteogenesis for the purpose tissue engineering
In this study, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) method was used for biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) coating on 316L stainless steel substrates, using ethanol as a dispersive medium. Deposition was achieved on the cathode at 30 V in 30 seconds at room temperature in variable concentrations (0.5, 0.8, 1, 1.25, 1.5g of BCP powder). After deposition, the coated substrates were sintered at 800 °C for 1 hour. The phase purity and structure of the synthesized powders were checked by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The morphology, structure and phase composition of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The results show that deposition weight and thickness increased with increasing concentration. Furthermore, increases in cracks and changes in morphology on coating surfaces as concentration increased at the constant applied voltage during electrophoretic deposition were observed.
Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) coatings on a medical grade 316L stainless steel substrate were prepared by electrophoretic deposition (EPD) using ethanol as a dispersive medium. The deposition voltage of 30V was applied for 1 min at 25, 40 and 60 °C, respectively. The coated substrates were sintered in a vacuum furnace at 800 °C for 1 h. The surface morphology, structure and phase composition of the coatings was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results showed that by increasing deposition conditions of voltage and temperature, crack occurrence and morphological changes increased in the produced coatings. The optimum condition for crack-free surface was at 30 V at 25 °C.
Electrophoretically deposition of Biphasic calcium phosphate on 25 × 10 × 1.2 mm (length, width, and thickness) 316L stainless steel plates using ethanol as dispersing medium; It was achieved on the cathode with constant voltages 20, 30, 50, and 100 V during 20, 30, 60, 90 and 120 seconds, respectively. After deposition, the samples were dried at room temperature for 24 hours and deposition weight and thickness of the coatings were measured. The coated samples were sintered in a tube furnace at 800 °C for 1 h in an argon atmosphere. After the sintering, the surface morphology and structure and phase composition of the samples were studied by a scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometry (EDX) and phase purity of the coating material by X-ray diffraction.
Biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) ceramic is a synthetic biomaterial exhibiting a chemical composition similar to that of tooth mineral. Therefore, it is viably used in coating metallic implants manufactured from metals and alloys, such as titanium and stainless steel. In the present study, electrophoretic deposition (EPD) has been attempted for depositing BCP coatings on 316L Stainless Steel substrate followed by vacuum sintering at 800 °C for 1 h. The surface morphology, thickness, compositions and microstructure of the BCP coated 316L SS was investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the bond strength of the coating was measured.
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