Environmental attitudes depend on the relative importance that individuals attach to themselves, other people, or all living things. These distinct bases have been found to predict environmental concern, and may act as statistically significant determinants of pro-environmental behaviours. We claim that examining the complex nature of value orientations and concern levels among elementary school students as well as the interrelationships between these attributes could guide researchers and educators in Turkey. This study aimed (1) to explore Turkish elementary students' ecocentric and anthropocentric attitudes, and environmental apathy; (2) to investigate their egoistic, altruistic and biospheric value orientations as well as their environmental concerns; (3) to examine relationships among environment-related attributes and (4) to determine the role of gender on these attributes. Participants seemed to be highly concerned and held favourable ecocentric attitudes. Furthermore, students with higher levels of anthropocentric attitudes tended to exhibit higher levels of environmental apathy, and those expressing biospheric concerns held lower levels of egoistic concerns. The findings suggest that girls were significantly more concerned about environmental problems and tended to value nature more for its own sake than boys.

Inflammation of the gallbladder without evidence of calculi is known as acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC). AAC is frequently associated with gangrene, perforation, and empyema. Due to these associated complications, AAC can be associated with high morbidity and mortality. Medical or surgical treatments can be chosen according to the general condition of the patient, underlying disease and agent. Particularly in acute acalculous cholecystitis cases, early diagnosis and early medical treatment have a positive effect on the patient and protect them from surgical trauma. ACC is a rare complication of acute viral hepatitis A. Herein, we present an adult patient of acalculous cholecystitis due to acute viral hepatitis A. She responded to the conservative management.

Distribution of HBV, HCV and HIV results of the inpatients or outpatients, who had been treated for various diagnoses in Diyarbakır Training and Research Hospital between 2005 and 2012, among years was investigated.Files of the patients, who had been treated as inpatient or outpatient 992. to any diagnosis between 01/01/2005 and 31/12/2012 in the clinics or policlinics of Diyarbakır 581 due Training and Research Hospital, were retrospectively reviewed using patient file database. Serum samples (235.534 for HBsAg, 196.727 for Anti-HBs antibody, 98.497 for HBeAg, 97.417 for Anti-HBe antibody, 225.483 for HCV and 138.923 for HIV) of these patients, which had been processed in microbiology laboratory, were studied by chemiluminescence technique using Roche E-170 (Modular Analytics System) device.Prevalence rates between 2005 and 2012 were as follows: 15.9%-9% for HBsAg, 32.9%-52.3% for Anti-HBs, 2.5%-1.8% for HBeAg, 30.4%-25.2% for Anti-HBe, 1%-0.7% for Anti-HCV, and 0.1%-1% for Anti-HIV. Increase in Anti-HBs prevalence is the successful outcome of routine immunization in population. This suggests that, governmental policies focused on this subject have resulted in successful outcomes and that people also take care about this.A prevalence rate decreasing to 9% from 15.9% for HBsAg and prevalence rate increasing to 52.3% from 32.9% for Anti-HBs antibody positivity in 8-year period in our region is quite meaningful. Such favorable developments in our region are of great valuable in terms of indicating to what extent could struggle against HBV is controlled by education and awareness.

This study analyzed a host of parasite agents and bacterial viruses in 1,079 children aged 0 to 5 years suffering from diarrhea between 2004 and 2008. Enteric pathogens were detected in 767 (71%) infected patients and 456 control patients. Enteric pathogens were isolated from 41 (8.9%) of the infected patients. Isolated pathogens responsible for gastroenteritis were as follows: Rotavirus 282 (26.1%), Shigella 19 (1.7%), enteropathogenic Escherichia coli 153 (60.9%), entero-invasive E. coli 30 (11.9%) and enterotoxigenic E. coli 68 (27%). Among the E.

OBJECTIVE: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) disease (COVID-19) is still a major problem worldwide. Antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 has not yet been fully clarified, and clinical benefits of serological tests remain unclear. Despite the presence of numerous systems and methods used to analyze antibody levels, it is difficult to mention about standardization. This study aims to evaluate antibody levels of COVID-19 patients obtained by different methods. METHODS: Specimens of 55 patients were included in this study. Patients underwent SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction test, COVID-19 IgM/IgG antibody rapid test (Hotgen), and Roche SARS-CoV-2 antibody test. RESULTS: In this study, the positive values of COVID-19 IgM/IgG antibody rapid test, Roche SARS-CoV-2 antibody test, and SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction test were 37, 26, and 31, respectively, whereas the negative values were 18, 29, and 24, respectively. A comparison of the results using χ² test revealed a significant difference among SARS-CoV-2 real-time polymerase chain reaction, COVID-19 IgM/IgG antibody rapid test (Hotgen), and Roche SARS-CoV-2 antibody test. CONCLUSIONS: We recommend antibody testing in close contact tracing as well as in real-time polymerase chain reaction negative symptomatic subjects. Standardization is important as positive values show significant variations among antibody tests.

Objective: In this study; patients admitted to Diyarbakır Gazi Yaşargil Training and Research Hospital were evaluated retrospectively according to age groups for hepatitis A virus seroprevalence.Methods: Anti HAV IgG and Anti HAV IgM test results of patients who admitted to our hospital for various reasons between January 2010 and December 2014 were evaluated. HAV IgG and HAV IgM antibodies were studied via chemiluminescence immune method in Advia Centaur XP (Siemens, Germany) system following the manufacturer's instructions.Results: 97.30% of the samples was positive for Anti HAV IgG and 0.87 of the samples was positive for Anti HAV IgM. Anti HAV IgM positivity was 10% in the 0-10 years age group and 3.09% in the 11-20 age group. We detected advancing age has been found to reduce the incidence of disease and most of the patients encountered disease in childhood and gained immunity. Conclusion:As a result, in this study we found the HAV seroprevalence in the largest hospital of our province. We thought we could contribute; preventive measures, immunization program studies and determination of vaccine efficacy studies with the light of this data.

ÖZ Comamonas türleri, diğer Pseudomonas grubunun çok sayıdaki cins ve türünden biridir. Comamonas türlerinden Comamonas testosteroni immün yetmezlikli kişilerde ender olarak enfeksiyonlara yol açan bir türdür. C. testosteroni'nin nötropeni öyküsü olan immün sistemi baskılanmış hastalarda bakteriyemi etkeni olabileceğini vurgulamak ve suşun antibiyotik duyarlılığını belirlemek amacıyla olgumuz sunulmuştur. Hematoloji kliniğinde lökopeni nedeniyle yatırılan 30 yaşındaki kadın hastanın laboratuvarımıza gönderilen kan kültür örneği, BD Bactec 9120 (Becton Dickinson, ABD) otomatize kan kültürü cihazına yüklenmiştir. Kan kültürlerinde üreyen Gram negatif basil görünümünde, katalaz ve oksidaz pozitif koloniler "VITEK-2 Compact" (bioMérieux, Fransa) otomatik identifikasyon cihazına yüklenmiştir. C. testosteroni olarak tanımlanan suş, Marmara Üniversitesi Pendik Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi Mikrobiyoloji Laboratuvarı'na doğrulama amacıyla gönderilerek bu merkezde Matrixassisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) (Bruker Daltonics, Bremen, Almanya) kütle spektrometre yöntemi ile doğrulanmıştır. Spontan abortus nedeniyle bağışıklık sistemi zayıflamış olan lökopenili olgumuzda üreyen C. testosteroni'nin antibiyotik duyarlılık paterninin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Buna göre ampisiline orta duyarlı bulunan C. testosteroni, amoksisilin/klavulanik asit, piperasilin/tazobaktam, sefuroksim, sefoksitin, sefoperazon/sulbaktam, trimetoprim/sulfametaksazol, amikasin, gentamisin, siprofloksasin, fosfomisin, imipenem ve meropeneme duyarlı fakat Sefiksim ve seftazidime dirençli bulunmuştur. Anahtar kelimeler: Comamonas testosteroni, kan kültürü, bakteriyemi ABSTRACT An Uncommon Cause of Bacteremia: Comamonas testosteroni

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