A total of 444 healthy eyes in 290 subjects of varying age were examined ultrasonically with a frequency of 6 MHz. In subjects under 20 years the structure of the vitreous body was acoustically homogeneous, and in those between 21 and 40 there was slight degeneration in 5% of the eyes. In the age group 41-50 the incidence of degeneration was 19%, in the group 51-60 63% and in that over 60 more than 80%. There was a clear increase in acoustically observable degeneration after the 40th year; nevertheless, in about 10% of those over 60 years an acoustically homogeneous vitreous body was observed. Ultrasonic observation can be used to supplement optical observations, and in the case of elderly patients is often the only way of obtaining information on the structure of the vitreous body.
THE treatment of traumatic hyphaema has attracted increasing attention since the second world war, but the assessment of various methods has often been based on restricted series, especially in regard to the use of mydriatics and of cortisone, and the non-medicinal treatment in nearly every series consisted of binocular or pinpoint spectacles. Rychener (1944) recommended the use of eserine in the initial stages. Smith (1952) used pilocarpine if the hyphaema was more than 6 mm. high. O'Neill (1952) also used pilocarpine, but in combination with neosynephrine. According to Laughlin (1948), the best drug was atropine. A milder mydriatic or homatropine was recommended by Lock (1950), Thygeson and Beard (1952), Hogan (1952), and Loring (1958). Many authors asserted that no drug therapy was needed, at least in the initial stages, except in cases with severe complications (
Six patients hospitalized by eye injuries caused by tear-gas hand weapons are presented. Five of the lesions resulted from a short-distance shot of aerosol irritant projectors. Severe swelling and bloodshot of the lids and conjunctiva occurred in all cases. Epithelial defects, swelling and blurring of the parenchym were observed in the cornea. The treatment of each case took weeks, even months. Such an injury can because of scars in the cornea permanently lower the visual acuity.
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