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of CKD based on one abnormal result and UPCR <3000mg/g without diabetes or hypertension. A probable case of CKDu is a 'suspected CKD' with a repeat abnormal result 12 weeks later AND exclusion of other known causes of CKD using laboratory OR imaging criteria (ultrasound of kidneys). A confirmed case of CKDu is based on either the presence of histopathology consistent with CKDu or when a biopsy is not possible, the presence ALL the criteria for probable CKDu. Conclusions: Case definition for CKDu in Sri Lanka continues to be based on exclusion of known causes of CKD. There is a need to incorporate 'specific signatures' for a more robust case definition.
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