Background and Aim: The utilization of cassava leaves and peels, ceara rubber leaves, sweet potato leaves, Chinese Albizia leaves, and lophatheri leaves from Bojonegoro Regency has led to the poisoning of livestock due to antinutritional factors. Nevertheless, the plants are known to have bioactive components and potential antioxidant and antibacterial activity if appropriately processed. This study aimed to determine the antinutritional compounds as well as the antioxidant and antibacterial potential of these plants responsible for livestock poisoning in the Bojonegoro Regency. Materials and Methods: Extraction was performed by the maceration method using 70% (v/v) ethanol solvent. The samples were analyzed qualitatively to determine the presence of tannins, alkaloids, oxalates, cardiac glycosides, and cyanogenic glycosides. The antioxidant activity was determined using the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl method, while the antimicrobial activity was assessed by different testing concentrations (125, 250, and 500 mg/mL) against Staphylococcus epidermidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Escherichia coli. Results: The ethanolic extract of the plants was found to contain antinutritional tannins, alkaloids, cardiac glycosides, and cyanogenic glycosides suspected of causing livestock poisoning. Despite the presence of these antinutrients, all extracts also had antioxidant and antibacterial potential. Cassava peels and sweet potato leaves had the highest antioxidant activity, whereas Chinese Albizia leaves had the most potent antibacterial activity. Conclusion: Cassava leaves and peels, ceara rubber leaves, sweet potato leaves, Chinese Albizia leaves, and lophatheri leaves obtained from Bojonegoro Regency and used as agricultural waste contain antinutritional factors but also possess potentially effective antioxidant and antimicrobial components.

The problem faced during the new normal period of the Covid-19 pandemic for students is to restore interest in learning that has been done at home. Additional efforts are needed to reduce these concerns, such as mentoring for learning outside of school. Community service in the form of learning assistance is carried out with the aim of providing new experiences, information, and knowledge outside of learning at school. The schools participating in the service activities are schools from Cluster VI Tuksono Village, Sentolo, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. This activity involves student assistants from the Anatomy Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada with assistance for a certain period. Implementation of online activities providing materials and discussions that have been adapted to the competencies needed in schools. The material given is an introduction to vertebrates macroscopically and microscopically. Students will be divided into several classes and each has an assistant and a co-lecturer. The activity takes place from September to November 2021. The results of the questionnaire show that this learning assistance activity is very interesting (60%) and very useful (69%) for students and teachers in their schools.  Keywords: Animal, Biology Anatomy; Elementary school; Learning; Online   ABSTRAK  Permasalahan yang dihadapi pada masa normal baru pandemi Covid-19 bagi peserta didik adalah mengembalikan minat belajar yang selama ini dilakukan di rumah. Usaha untuk mengurangi keprihatinan tersebut diperlukan seperti pendampingan belajar luar sekolah. Pengabdian kepada masyarakat berupa pendampingan pembelajaran dilaksanakan dengan tujuan memberikan pengalaman, informasi, dan pengetahuan baru di luar pembelajaran di sekolah. Sekolah yang berpartisipasi dalam kegiatan pengabdian adalah sekolah-sekolah dari Gugus VI Desa Tuksono, Sentolo, Kulon Progo, Yogyakarta. Kegiatan ini melibatkan asisten mahasiswa Departemen Anatomi Fakultas Kedokteran Hewan Universitas Gadjah Mada dengan pendampingan selama periode tertentu. Pelaksanaan kegiatan daring pemberian materi dan diskusi yang sudah disesuaikan dengan kompetensi yang dibutuhkan di sekolah. Materi yang diberikan berupa pengenalan vertebrata secara makroskopik dan mikroskopik. Peserta didik akan dibagi menjadi beberapa kelas dan masing-masing memiliki satu asisten dan dosen pendamping. Kegiatan berlangsung dari bulan September sampai November 2021. Hasil kuisioner menunjukkan kegiatan pendampingan pembelajaran ini sangat menarik (60%) dan sangat bermanfaat (69%) bagi para peserta didik dan guru di sekolahnya. Kata kunci: Anatomi Biologi; Daring; Hewan; Pembelajaran; Sekolah Dasar

The locomotion system in the primate is developed and diverged following the pressure of the environment. To survive, each species of primate will push their locomotor’s evolution to accommodate their foraging activities. Generally, the primate locomotion system is classified into vertical clinging and leaping (such as Tarsius), quadrupedalism (such as guenon), brachiation (such as gibbon), and bipedalism (human). Classification is usually based on the intermembral index, the ratio between the arm and leg length in percentage. The intermembral index of bekantan is about 90 on average; means the arm length is 90% of leg length. Based on the intermembral index, bekantan's locomotion system is hindlimb dominated gait and supposed to be quadrupedal terrestrial. However, in their natural habitat, bekantan spend their daily activities mostly on the trees. Terrestrial and arboreal movements were observed during foraging. Arboreal movements of bekantan are dominant where the forest canopy is remaining good. On the other hand, in open areas and where they have adapted to human existence, quadrupedal terrestrial behaviors will be dominant during foraging. Further observation in various areas is still needed to strengthen the type of locomotion system of bekantan.

The proboscis monkey is an endemic primate of Kalimantan Island, Indonesia. According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), proboscis monkey was classified as endangered species. Anatomical data of proboscis monkey has not been available yet. As endemic and endangered primate, morphology and morphometric data of proboscis monkey are important for forensic reference. The purpose of this study was to investigate the correlation between femur and body length of the proboscis monkey. The anatomical analysis used three proboscis monkey from the rehabilitation center, Sahabat Bekantan Indonesia (SBI), Banjarmasin, South Kalimantan. The femur and body length were measured by digital caliper in millimeter (mm). The result showed that there was a strong correlation between femur and body length of the proboscis monkey. The body length of proboscis monkey might be determined by femur length with linear regression y = 0.2682x + 347.85. In conclusion, there was a positive correlation between femur and body length of proboscis monkey in South Kalimantan.