In Thane, female migrants faced higher vulnerabilities and risks of HIV infection than male migrants. Consequently, innovative strategies are required to address these particular needs of female migrants.
Background: Diarrhoea is one of the leading causes of under-five childhood morbidity and mortality in India, despite the availability of easy interventions through oral rehydration at the community level. The level of knowledge varies from country to country and within the country, further variations exist in state, district and sub district level based on difference in socio-demographic characteristics of the population. And based on these variations, different community needs different health education efforts in its extent and approaches. It was therefore relevant to explore the level of awareness about diarrhoea and its management among the mothers who were the first level of caregivers. Objective: To assess the level of knowledge about diarrhoea and oral rehydration therapy among the mothers having their children of 6 months to 5 yrs with diarrhea Materials and methods: It was a facility based cross-sectional descriptive epidemiological study conducted among 62 mothers having their children of 6 months to five years with diarrhoea. Mothers attended a rural hospital under the geographical area of Madhyamgram in North 24 Parganas district of West Bengal, India. Data was collected by face to face interview of the mothers in the outpatient department of the hospital using a pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. The analysis was done in Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), version 20.0 using bivariate and multivariate (multiple logistic regression model) to examine the statistical significance at 95% confidence interval. Results: Mean knowledge score was 7.8 (Range 0-17). Lower knowledge score group (0-8) accounted to 36 persons (37.1%) and higher knowledge group (9-19) accounted to 26 persons (62.9%). Knowledge about alarming symptoms of the dehydration was significantly poor. At the individual level, literacy of women and their caste were strongly associated with the knowledge about diarrhoea and its management. At the household level, the way of the disposal of household garbage was also strongly associated. Conclusion: Considering the poor knowledge of the mothers, the study recommends for extensive health education measures widely in the community with a special focus for the illiterate and socio-economically lower groups, and also for the families having the practice of open garbage disposal. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.18(2) 2019 p.267-273
Introduction: Under National AIDS Control Program IV (NACP IV) during 2012-2017 in India, human immu nodeficiency virus (HIV) prevention strategies under targeted intervention (TI) programs for migrants of different profiles were uniform. Role of the profile of migrants, especially their occupation, in the spread of HIV epidemic was not well-explored. The present study investigated the linkages between profile characteristics and occupations with HIV infection status of the migrants in Mumbai and Thane in Maharashtra, India. Material and methods: This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study conducted among 24,864 migrants (males 23,908, 96.1%, and females 956, 3.9%) covered under the TI programs implemented in Mumbai and Thane districts of Maharashtra, India from April to December 2016. SPSS 20.0 version was used for analysis. At 95% confidence interval, χ 2 test, Fishers exact test, and multiple logistic regression model were used for finding out factors associated with HIV infection status. Results: Among the females, HIV infection rates were 4.4% and 1.3% in Mumbai and Thane, respectively, whereas for males, it was 0.3% in both the places. Predictors of HIV infection status in Mumbai were gender and type of persons staying with the migrant at the residence. For Thane, apart from these two, accompanying person during mobility played a certain role. In Thane, occupation in small to medium scale industry was the predictor of HIV infection but not in Mumbai. Conclusions: Additional strategies for migrant intervention program had been left out in opportunities for NACP in India. We recommend that special strategies need to be developed in NACP to address these predictors of HIV infection.
Due to certain risky behaviors,
AIMS: During COVID-19 pandemic, health care resources are being diverted towards the acute crisis, de-emphasizing the routine medical care. It is not only less access of health care but people also avoiding health care facilities during this pandemic. Medical care delay or avoidance might increase morbidity and mortality of treatable and preventable health conditions. Literatures have reported the decline in patient footfall and the impact of it but there is limited information on the reasons why people saying 'No' to the health care facility. Hence, we aimed to conduct this mixed method study to explore the challenges faced by the community to access & utilize the health care services during this COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: A secondary data analysis was performed on the data obtained from hospital registers and Web Based Health Management Information System, Followed by Key informant interview on Health service providers and Focussed group discussion among the community dwellers. OPD & IPD Footfall decreased signicantly in the Health F RESULTS: acilities of Purulia District during covid pandemic in comparison to pre-pandemic time. Lowest footfall in Manbazar RH observed during the initial lock-down in 2020 & at the time of the second wave in 2021. Main reasons for decreased footfall are fear of getting covid, dissatisfaction with health care service during the pandemic, lack of transport availability, stigma attached with covid, less occurrence of disease due to IPC practices, preference of local informal providers & self-medication. CONCLUSIONS: Maintaining essential health services and behaviour change communication and de-stigmatization program is a need of hour.
With the current push towards using fewer antipsychotics and more non-pharmacological interventions in long-term care, it has become increasingly important for knowledge and best-practice sharing across the province. The “Good Ideas” project began in 2001 in the context of my work as a Royal Ottawa geriatric psychiatry behavioural support outreach nurse to long-term-care facilities in Ottawa. A toolkit was begun as various ideas and tools were found to be useful in the management of behavioural challenges in the care of long term care residents. These non-pharmacological tools can have a significant impact on the management of behavioural challenges. Some were discovered via “out-of-the-box” thinking, some as a result of exploring possibilities on the Web, others were shared with me by colleagues in various roles and settings. I have worked in geriatric psychiatry in various capacities as a nurse at The Royal Ottawa Health Care Group since 1986, and have had the opportunity to accumulate several “good ideas” over time. I found myself carrying various articles, pamphlets, booklets, photos in my workbag and noticed I was being contacted more frequently over time on how to obtain certain items. When these non-pharmacological approaches were implemented, and successful, a common response would be: “what a good idea!” Thus, the name given to the project came to be. Good Ideas has grown over the years as the information has been shared with outreach team members and utilized in their own practice. All contacts are encouraged to share any new “good ideas” they encounter so those too can be added. Originally a hardcopy handout with a list and the resources to outsource items was created and distributed. This evolved into a PowerPoint presentation explaining the usefulness of each tool in specific target behaviours and how to obtain the tool, as well as photos. Later a poster was made and a second version was produced more recently. Currently the project is in the process of being translated to French for our bilingual Ottawa area. The project has circulated among my teammates to be used in education sessions in their long-term-care facilities or as an adjunct to larger full day education sessions on the topic of dementia care. A large colorful hatbox also contains some sample items to add to the hard copies. Good Ideas has been presented at the Regional Geriatric Program Annual Meeting poster presentation Oct 12, 2013, with very positive feedback from participants. Good Ideas is a project in perpetuity, with no stop date planned. It is my hope it will continue to grow long after my retirement date. It promotes the concept of creative thinking about behavioural challenges in dementia care, while supporting that pharmacological intervention should most often be as a last resort.
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