This paper describes the successful application of amplitude-versus-angle (AVA) inversion of prestack-seismic amplitude data to detect and delineate deepwater hydrocarbon reservoirs in the central Gulf of Mexico. Detailed AVA fluid/lithology sensitivity analysis was conducted to assess the nature of AVA effects in the study area based on well-log data. Standard techniques such as crossplot analysis, Biot-Gassmann fluid substitution, AVA reflectivity modeling, and numerical simulation of synthetic gathers were part of the AVA sensitivity analysis. Crossplot and Biot-Gassmann analyses indicate significant sensitivity of acoustic properties to fluid substitution. AVA reflectivity and angle-gather modeling indicate that the shale/sand interfaces represented by the top and base of the M-10 reservoir are associated with typical Class III AVA responses caused by relatively low-impedance gas-bearing sands. Consequently, prestack seismic inversion provided accurate and reliable quantitative information about the spatial distribution of lithology and fluid units within the turbidite reservoirs based on the interpretation of fluid/lithology-sensitive modulus attributes. From the integration of inversion results with analogous depositional models, the M-series reservoirs were interpreted as stacked terminal turbidite lobes within an overall fan complex. This interpretation is consistent with previous regional stratigraphic/depositional studies.
La cadena de suministros está integrada dentro de una red de operaciones logísticas de proveedores, fabricas, distribuidores intermedios y finalmente los consumidores. Donde los inventarios juegan el rol más importante por cumplir con los tiempos y las cantidades exactas de la demanda del cliente, de esta forma el establecer las políticas en los niveles de inventario minimiza el riesgo de entregas a destiempo y ayuda a reducir los costos logísticos totales. Asumiendo que la administración de los inventarios es una parte fundamental de la planeación estratégica y operativa de las empresas. El presente artículo aborda el uso del Modelo de Lote Económico de Pedido (Economic Order Quantity – EOQ) en un almacén de refacciones de partes de servicio automotriz, estableciendo políticas de inventarios para la demanda de refacciones en el área de mantenimiento, tomando en cuenta la variabilidad de la demanda y los tiempos de suministro en la aplicación del modelo, quedando establecidas las cantidades optimas a ordenar de las partes de servicio con respecto al tiempo de duración del ciclo de pedido, brindando soporte a las decisiones que han de tomarse en los niveles de inventario de las refacciones de partes de servicio, minimizando los costos logísticos y mejorando la calidad del servicio al cliente.
Many deepwater areas of the world are structurally complex and challenging for hydrocarbon exploration; the lack of well control coupled with difficult seismic ties between sub-basins make the gener-ation of a consistent stratigraphic framework challenging. The develop-ment of the framework is critical before any attempt of multibasinal depositional systems analysis can be performed.
Multiple state-of-the-art inversion methods have been implemented to integrate 3D seismic amplitude data, well logs, geologic information, and spatial variability to produce models of the subsurface. Amplitude variation with angle (AVA) deterministic, stochastic, and wave-equation-based amplitude variation with offset (WEB-AVO) inversion algorithms are used to describe Intra-Triassic Mungaroo gas reservoirs located in the Carnarvon Basin, Western Australia. The interpretation of inverted elastic properties in terms of lithology- and fluid-sensitive attributes from AVA deterministic inversion provides quantitative information about the geomorphology of fluvio-deltaic sediments as well as the delineation of gas reservoirs. AVA stochastic inversion delivers higher resolution realizations than those obtained from standard deterministic methods and allows for uncertainty analysis. Additionally, the cosimulation of petrophysical parameters from elastic properties provides precise 3D models of reservoir properties, such as volume of shale and water saturation, which can be used as part of the static model building process. Internal multiple scattering, transmission effects, and mode conversion (considered as noise in conventional linear inversion) become useful signals in WEB-AVO inversion. WEB-AVO compressibility shows increased sensitivity to residual/live gas discrimination compared to fluid-sensitive attributes obtained with conventional inversions.
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