Abstract:Hornsund, an Arctic fjord in the west coast of Spitsbergen (Svalbard), was se− lected as All Taxa Biodiversity Inventory (ATBI) site under EU 5th Framework Concerted Action BIOMARE (2000)(2001)(2002), especially due to its pristine, undisturbed natural charac− ter. On the base of large material (89 stations located throughout the fjord and 129 Van Veen grab samples) collected during cruises of RV Oceania in July in 2002, 2003, 2005 and 2007 and literature search a comprehensive list of species recorded within Hornsund area, on the soft bottom with depth range of 30-250 m is provided. Over 220 species were identified in− cluding 93 species of Polychaeta, 62 species of Mollusca and 58 species of Crustacea. Spe− cies list is supported by information on the zoogeographical status, body length and biologi− cal traits of dominant species. Need for further research on Hornsund soft bottom fauna with more sampling effort is highlighted.
Abstract:The life modes and sizes of 98 species of higher crustaceans (Malacostraca) from Hornsund and Kongsfjorden (Svalbard fjords) were analyzed. The majority (90%) of the species were perennial, K strategists, with eight− to tenfold size differences between newborn and adult specimens. The largest species are carnivores and carrion feeders, while the smallest are sediment−dwelling suspension and deposit feeders. Compared with the crustacean fauna of northern Norway (over 500 species), the Svalbard fjord crustacean fauna is less diverse (below 150 species). The crustacean species populations from the Arctic fjord are more numerous (average number of ind./species/m 2 ) compared to those of the northern Norway boreal fjords. Crustaceans with long life cycles and distinct size dif− ference between juveniles and adults represent three to five ecologically different func− tional "species" each, since the smaller size groups of the same species differ with regard to their mobility, food and habitat use. Thus, crustaceans are ecologically and functionally more diverse than expected from simple species count.
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