Triplet loss function is one of the options that can significantly improve the accuracy of the One-shot Learning tasks. Starting from 2015, many projects use Siamese networks and this kind of loss for face recognition and object classification. In our research, we focused on two tasks related to vegetation. The first one is plant disease detection on 25 classes of five crops (grape, cotton, wheat, cucumbers, and corn). This task is motivated because harvest losses due to diseases is a serious problem for both large farming structures and rural families. The second task is the identification of moss species (5 classes). Mosses are natural bioaccumulators of pollutants; therefore, they are used in environmental monitoring programs. The identification of moss species is an important step in the sample preprocessing. In both tasks, we used self-collected image databases. We tried several deep learning architectures and approaches. Our Siamese network architecture with a triplet loss function and MobileNetV2 as a base network showed the most impressive results in both above-mentioned tasks. The average accuracy for plant disease detection amounted to over 97.8% and 97.6% for moss species classification.
Relevance. Dental caries is a global problem of our time, its prevalence is 99% of the world’s population. According to a number of authors, the prevalence of caries in Russia among children of 6 years is 62%, 12 years – 78%, 15 years – 88%. The treatment of caries and its complications is a painful, time-consuming and expensive process. Therefore, it is important to develop new tools and methods for the prevention of caries. Fundamental knowledge about the anatomy of the enamel, the etiology and pathogenesis of caries create a prerequisite for the development of new ways of primary prevention of caries. In attempts to solve this problem significant results have been achieved: for example, it is known that at the level of elementary cells of crystals in the enamel there happens a constant process of the ion interaction. This becomes possible due to the most important feature of the enamel – penetrability. However, there are many gaps in the molecular nature of penetrability, so we decided to turn to the theme of literary review. Purpose. Study of the molecular mechanisms of enamel permeability and a review of means for its remineralization. Materials and methods. Literature review on a given topic from 16 sources. Results. The review presents ion-exchange processes in tooth enamel and topical carioprophylactic compositions for remineralizing therapy.Conclusions. Remineralizing therapy with carioprophylactic gels is the most promising direction for caries prevention, taking into account the anatomy and physiology of ion-exchange processes in tooth enamel.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.