Crop losses are a major threat to the wellbeing of rural families, to the economy and governments, and to food security worldwide. The goal of our research is to develop a multi-functional platform to help the farming community to tilt against plant diseases. In our previous works, we reported about the creation of a special database of healthy and diseased plants’ leaves consisting of five sets of grapes images and proposed a special
classification model based on a deep siamese network followed by k-nearest neighbors (KNN) classifier. Then we extended our database to five sets of images for grape, corn, and wheat – 611 images in total. Since after this extension the classification accuracy decreased to 86 %, we propose in this paper a novel architecture with a deep siamese network as feature extractor and a single-layer perceptron as a classifier that results in a significant gain of accuracy, up to 96 %.
Triplet loss function is one of the options that can significantly improve the accuracy of the One-shot Learning tasks. Starting from 2015, many projects use Siamese networks and this kind of loss for face recognition and object classification. In our research, we focused on two tasks related to vegetation. The first one is plant disease detection on 25 classes of five crops (grape, cotton, wheat, cucumbers, and corn). This task is motivated because harvest losses due to diseases is a serious problem for both large farming structures and rural families. The second task is the identification of moss species (5 classes). Mosses are natural bioaccumulators of pollutants; therefore, they are used in environmental monitoring programs. The identification of moss species is an important step in the sample preprocessing. In both tasks, we used self-collected image databases. We tried several deep learning architectures and approaches. Our Siamese network architecture with a triplet loss function and MobileNetV2 as a base network showed the most impressive results in both above-mentioned tasks. The average accuracy for plant disease detection amounted to over 97.8% and 97.6% for moss species classification.
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