Urdbean or mashbean is one of the most valuable leguminous crops all over the world. It is under the attack of numerous diseases caused by different pathogens. Among these urdbean leaf crinkle virus (ULCV) is one of the most devastating and widely distributed. It is naturally transmitted through whitefly (Bemisia tabaci). To combat this problem, eight urdbean genotypes (Arooj, 6065-3, 6036-21, 4em-716, ES-I, M-95, ARRIM-08 and ARRIM-16) were screened out against urdbean leaf crinkle virus and correlated with epidemiological factors (temperature, relative humidity). The overall results revealed that, among all these lines, one genotype (M-95) was susceptible, three genotypes (6065-3, 4em-716, ES-I) were moderately susceptible, three genotypes (6036-21, ARRIM-08, ARRIM-16) moderately resistant and only one genotype showed resistance response to urdbean crinkle virus. A positive correlation was observed between disease prevalence and all environmental factors.
Background: The cotton armyworm (Spodoptera litura) is one of the most devastating pests of many economically important crops including cotton which cause substantial yield losses due to its feeding pattern on leaves and other plant parts. Plants respond to herbivore damage through an array of defense responses to ensure their survival. This study was aimed to appraise biochemical defense responses of cotton genotypes to S. litura infestation.Methods: Two Bt cotton cultivars namely Bt-886 and CIM-622 and one non-Bt PB-896 cultivar were used in the study. The experiment was conducted in greenhouse conditions. Leaf samples for biochemical analysis were collected after 24 hrs of infestation by third instar larvae.Results: Data revealed that infestation caused significant reduction in chlorophyll pigments of all cultivars. Infestation caused a marked increase in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde concentrations as well as activities of various antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, peroxidase and catalase. The levels of other secondary metabolites such as phenolics, proline and glycine betaine were also found to be higher after infestation.Conclusion: Among the cotton cultivars, cv. PB-896 was found to be considerably resistant to pest attack due to an efficient antioxidant system, lower chlorophyll degradation, and lesser accumulation of hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde that manifested minimal oxidative injury.
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