It is necessary to recognize the child as an active moral subject in making decision process related to his health or his participation in research. The taking of informed consent as a communication process should tend to respect the autonomy and dignity of the child considered mature or not, taking their decisions seriously and not just an assent as a normative principle of mere legal aspect. It describes theoretical elements that can be used as tools to have an approach to the moral development of the child from the principle of responsibility according to the degree of emancipation. The objective is to provide a description of the most relevant aspects about the informed consent process in the mature child and their right to be informed to agree or consent. We searched the databases such as: PROQUEST, MEDLINE, LILACS and PUBMED, analyzing 51 articles. For the organization of the information, the SLIDING methodology was used: sort, label, integrate and prioritize. It was concluded that the ability to assent of the child considered mature or not should be evaluated under objective parameters and not simply under the perception of the doctor or researcher. Finally, it is necessary to design strategies to promote the autonomy, respect and dignity of the child based on the same practices at the time of informed consent.

INTRODUCTION: The cancellation of surgery represents a dilemma in establishing relatively adequate cancellation rates according to the factor, because each institution and surgical specialty have different dynamics. Objective: Describe the types of factors present for the cancellation of surgeries in a health institution. Colombia (2017-2018). METHODOLOGY: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study. We reviewed (3339) records of scheduled surgeries from January to December 2017. In 2018 they were reviewed (1733) between January and June. A total of (5072) records of a Third Level Health Institution of the Department of Cesar / Colombia were reviewed. The Neuronal Multilayer Perceptron Network model and the Gini coefficient were applied to determine the most important factor and therefore the inequality between them. RESULTS: In 2017, there was a surgical cancellation rate of 4% of the total number of scheduled surgeries (3339). For the year 2018, the rate was 3% of the total of scheduled surgeries (1733). The most important factor was due to the patient's adverse conditions. The surgical specialties that had the highest number of cancellations were general surgery followed by orthopedics. CONCLUSION: An evaluation of the factors for the cancellation of programmed surgeries with a high coefficient of inequality is described. In addition, the most important factor was related to the patient. Prospective studies by specialty are proposed for the design of solution and monitoring strategies to avoid surgical cancellations.

En el presente artículo se realiza una reflexión sobre la formación del docente universitario del área de la salud con énfasis en las prácticas pedagógicas, como una necesidad de compromiso de las universidades que realizan la formación de un profesional competente en las dimensiones del ser, saber, saber hacer y saber convivir, que permita al futuro profesional insertarse en el sector productivo con capacidad para resolver problemáticas a lo largo de la vida. La problemática de la educación superior en Colombia sigue siendo uno de los principales temas de discusión en los diferentes espacios académicos de este país, de manera que se sigue pensando en los métodos y prácticas de forma disciplinar, a la hora de enseñar, por tanto, se requiere repensar desde una perspectiva crítica las prácticas pedagógicas en los programas académicos que ofertan carreras de salud con el propósito de viabilizar algunas transformaciones en el proceso de enseñanza y desde una concepción transdisciplinaria. En el caso de los docentes del área de la salud, aunque tienen dominio de su área disciplinar, presentan dificultades para orientar la enseñanza basada en competencias, lo que requiere que el docente desarrolle las habilidades orientadas a incorporar y complementar prácticas pedagógicas bajo un sistema de estrategias educativas, que no solo se orienten a impartir conocimientos en un área específica, sino que además fomenten el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje significativo.

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