AbstrakKitinase merupakan enzim hidrolitik yang dapat menghidrolisis kitin pada ikatan β-1,4-glikosidiknya dengan menghasilkan derivat-derivat kitin seperti oligomer kitin yang mempunyai banyak manfaat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melakukan pengembangan produksi enzim kitinase dari sumber lokal yang melimpah di alamserta murah dengan melakukan optimasi substrat dalam hal ini digunakan substrat tetes tebu (molase) dan limbah cangkang rajungan untuk produksi enzim kitinase dari Aspergillus niger. Sebelumnya, dilakukan kultivasi isolat kapang Aspergillus niger dengan membuat kurva pertumbuhan menggunakan metode masa sel kering dimana dari hasil penelitian inokulasi optimal adalah 22 jam. Pada proses produksi, diperoleh waktu fermentasi optimal adalah 52 jam dengan menentukan uji aktivitasnya menggunakan metode turbidimetri. Hasil optimasi substrat menunjukkan bahwa enzim kitinase yang maksimal diperoleh pada penambahan molase 0,5% (b/v) dengan unit aktivitas enzim 0,14726 (U/mL) dan cangkang rajungan 2% (b/v) dengan unit aktivitas enzim yang dihasilkan 0,12826 (U/mL). Kitinase dari Aspergillus niger ini mempunyai pH optimal 6 dan suhu optimal 40 o C. Kata kunci: Aspergillus niger, kitinase, cangkang rajungan, molase AbstractChitinase is a hydrolytic enzyme that hydrolyzes chitin on β-1,4-glycosidic bond and thereby producing chitin derivatives such as chitin oligomers that have multiple benefits. The purpose of this research was to develop the production of chitinase enzyme from cheap and are abundant local nature sources, by optimizations substrate in this case the substrate used molasses and crab shell waste for the production of chitinase enzyme from Aspergillus niger. Previously, isolates of Aspergillus niger cultivated by creating a growth curve using dry cell mass method which from the results of research inoculation optimal are 22 hours. In the production process, obtained the optimum fermentation time is 52 hours to determine the activity test using turbidimetry method. Result of substrate optimizations indicate that chitinase enzyme maximum by addition of molasses obtained in 0.5% (w/v) with enzyme activity units 0.14726 (U/mL) and crab shells 2% (w/v) with enzyme activity units 0.12826 (U/mL). Chitinase from Aspergillus niger has a pH optimum 6 and temperature optimum 40 o C.
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