The designed is a cement-silicate coating based on liquid sodium glass and Portland cement, modified with a complex ultra-and nanodispersed additive that includes titanium dioxide, expanded perlite sand and a dispersion of multilayered carbon nanotubes. The advantage of the designed coating is the use of Portland cement as a silicizer instead of conventionally used zinc oxide. The presented cement-silicate coating is water resistant, steam and gas proof, has good adhesion to the base and an increased durability, providing 4-5 times longer service life than those of the existing analogs. The presence of multilayered carbon nanotubes in the coating leads to the absorption of technogenic electromagnetic emission, and ultradisperse titanium dioxide promotes self-cleaning of the coating surface due to the photocatalysis effect. Expanded pearlite sand makes the coating surface textured when applying it to the base. The cement-silicate coating is used for facades decorative finishing of buildings made of ceramic bricks, cement concrete and plastered surfaces.
The factors influencing the formation of efflorescence of construction materials are connected with the increased solubility of the ingredients of construction materials. Efflorescence may accumulate under some less permeable decorative paint layers and cause their peeling from the surface of a building structure, its decorative properties being completely lost. At the same time, the formation of efflorescence not only as white bloom, but also as "blooming" of the surfaces of materials due to the formation of new chemical compounds is possible. Similar processes occur in the process of operation of coloured pavers manufactured wth vibrocompression of cement and sand mortars with the addition of colouring pigments. The main source of efflorescence is calcium hydroxide Ca (OH)2 which is formed in hardening cement. The alkaline nature leads to its intensive interaction with carbon dioxide CO2. This efflorescence in the second year of operation, as a rule, does not resume due to the carbonation of calcium hydroxide in the structure of set cement.
The composition of silicate paint developed for rehabilitation of buildings and structures and including white Portland cement, binder based on sodium liquid glass and complex additive with nanodispersed additives does not require the use of traditional silication. Modifying the composition of coating with multi-walled carbon nanotubes has provided a coating with a shielding effect weakening high-frequency man-made electromagnetic radiation. Moreover, the use of carbon nanotubes has provided the increase of density of the coating structure, improved the physical and technical characteristics of cement and silica coating and ensured the durability of the repair coating 3,5 times compared to its analogues.
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