Dental caries can spread rapidly in children and was given the term "Early Childhood Caries" (ECC) that was coined to describe "one or more carious, non-cavitated or cavitated tooth surfaces that are missing or filled due to caries on a deciduous tooth" in a child of 5 years and 9 months of age or younger. Early childhood caries (ECC) is a “complicated condition affecting the maxillary primary incisors which quickly propagate to other primary teeth about a month of eruption”. It is a serious issue of socio-behavior or dental health which strikes pre-schoolers across the globe. Objective: To determine effects of parental knowledge on their children's oral health practices and status. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out, with a total of 384 kids from Government and Private Schools of Abbottabad City. Oral hygiene of the children was assessed through dmft scores upon the request of school administration and parents. Structured oral health questionnaires were distributed by the instructors among the parents during parent-teacher conferences/ meetings that were held after every three months in a fiscal year of the school. Results: A total of 372 of the youngsters in the study have all their primary teeth erupted (98.7%). Three-year-olds make up 35.7% of the overall sample, while four-year-olds make up 23%, and five-year-olds make up 0.5% of the sample. One or more of the sample's 245 decaying teeth affects 40.5% of the total. Conclusions: Parental knowledge and practise of oral hygiene were found to be linked to their children's oral health in this study.
During the hard time of Covid, front line health care workers were directly involved in one way or the other to treat the patients or perform duties in Covid-wards. They were at great risk of catching the infection as well as be affected by the psychological disorders. Objective: To determine the effects of Covid pandemic on the psychological health of dental health care professionals in Peshawar. Methods: A total of 384 participants both Dentists and Dental paramedical staff and technicians were included in the study. The participants were classified as non-infected and Covid recovered participants. Two validated questionnaires (PHQ-9 scale, Scale for COVID-19 related psychological distress in healthy Dental health care workers) were used for these two types of participants respectively to assess the level of mental distress. The distress scores were analyzed and compared among various groups. Results: The results showed that non infected DHCWs generally had mild (48.98%) to moderate (31.43%) psychological distress as a result of the Covid situation. While Covid recovered DCHWs had minimal (30.86%) and moderate depression (30.07%) The particularly vulnerable groups showing more psychological distress were non-infected female DHCWs and non-infected DHCWs working at Lady Reading hospital Peshawar. Conclusion: The Covid-19 pandemic affected the mental health of DHCWs in a negative way, and most of the DHCWs had mild to moderate severity of distress or depression.
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